机电工程技术2025，Vol.54Issue(4)：14-23,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-9492.2025.04.002
超高速激光熔覆技术研究现状与进展
Current Research Status and Progress of Ultra-high-speed Laser Cladding Technology
摘要
Abstract
In industries such as vehicle manufacturing,petrochemical,and marine engineering,mechanical components are frequently subjected to wear and corrosion,which significantly reduces their service life.To extend the service life of these components,surface modification technologies,particularly ultra-high-speed laser cladding,are increasingly adopted as effective solutions.Compared to traditional coating technologies,ultra-high-speed laser cladding is recognized for its high cladding rate and excellent coating quality,while avoiding damage to the substrate material caused by excessive heat input.As a result,this technique has attracted widespread attention from researchers.A good metallurgical bond between the coating and the substrate is ensured under lower heat input conditions,and the refinement of microstructure and the uniform distribution of components are promoted.The process parameters of ultra-high-speed laser cladding,including laser power,scanning speed,powder feed rate,and overlap rate,are considered critical in determining the coating's quality and performance.Various coating materials,such as alloy powders,high-entropy alloy powders,amorphous powders,and composite powders,are selected based on specific application requirements and the properties of the substrate materials.Coating defects,such as porosity and cracks,are often associated with the choice of process parameters and differences in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the coating and the substrate.The optimization of process parameters,the selection of appropriate materials,and the control of cooling rates are identified as key factors in reducing defects and improving coating quality.In this review,the latest research advancements in ultra-high-speed laser cladding technology are systematically discussed from multiple perspectives,including process parameter optimization,material system selection,and defect analysis.The main characteristics of various coating materials are summarized,the impact of process parameters on coating performance is examined,and the formation mechanisms of coating defects are analyzed.关键词
超高速激光熔覆/涂层/工艺参数/组织结构/材料体系/缺陷Key words
ultra-high-speed laser cladding/coatings/process parameters/microstructure/material systems/defects分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
黎小辉,谢俊杰,李福球,朱晖朝,黎运宇..超高速激光熔覆技术研究现状与进展[J].机电工程技术,2025,54(4):14-23,10.基金项目
广东省自然资源厅科技计划项目(粤自然综合[2024]32号) （粤自然综合[2024]32号）
广东省科技厅科技计划项目(2022A0505050081) （2022A0505050081）
粤港澳大湾区(佛山)先进制造业国家卓越工程师创新研究院项目(2023FCXM006) （佛山）
