环境与职业医学2025，Vol.42Issue(2)：196-204,9.DOI:10.11836/JEOM24271
2019年南方某市PM2.5金属和类金属元素组分的分布特征、源解析及健康风险评估
Distribution characteristics,source apportionment,and health risk assessment of metals and metalloids in PM2.5 in a southern city in 2019
摘要
Abstract
[Background]Metals and metalloids in fine particulate matter(PM2.5)may cause damage to the respiratory and circulatory systems of the human body,and long-term exposure is prone to causing chronic poisoning,cancer,and other adverse effects. [Objective]To assess the distribution characteristics of metals and metalloids in outdoor PM2.5 in a southern city of China,conduct source apportionment,and evaluate the associated health risks,thereby providing theoretical support for further pollution control measures. [Methods]PM2.5 samples were collected in districts A,B,and C of a southern China city,and the concentrations of 17 metals and metalloids were detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Pollution sources were assessed through enrichment factor and principal components analysis,and the main pollution sources were quantified using absolute principal component scores-multivariate linear regression(APCS-MLR).Health risks were evaluated based on the Technical guide for environmental health risk assessment of chemical exposure(WS/T777-2021). [Results]The ambient air PM2.5 concentrations in the city were higher in winter and spring,and lower in summer and autumn.The annual average concentrations of ambient PM2.5 in districts A,B,and C were 36.7,31.9,and 24.4 μg·m-3,respectively.The ambient PM2.5 levels in districts B and C were below the second-grade limit set by the Ambient air quality standards(GB 3095-2012).The enrichment factors of cadmium(Cd),aluminum(Al),and antimony(Sb)were greater than 10,those of copper(Cu),lead(Pb),arsenic(As),nickel(Ni),mercury(Hg),and molybdenum(Mo)fell between 1 and 10,and those of manganese(Mn),vanadium(V),chromium(Cr),cobalt(Co),barium(Ba),beryllium(Be),and uranium(U)were below or equal to 1.The comprehensive evaluation of source analysis showed that the main pollution sources in districts A and C and the whole city were coal-burning.In district B,the main pollution source was also coal combustion,followed by industrial process sources and dust sources.The carcinogenic risks of As and Cr were between 1×10-6 and 1×10-4.However,the hazard quotients for 15 metals and metalloids in terms of non-carcinogenic risk were below 1. [Conclusion]Cr and As in the atmospheric PM2.5 of the city present a certain risk of cancer and should be paid attention to.In addition,preventive control measures should be taken against relevant pollution sources such as industrial emission,dust,and coal burning.关键词
PM2.5/金属/分布特征/源解析/健康风险评估Key words
PM2.5/metal/distribution characteristic/source apportionment/health risk assessment分类
预防医学引用本文复制引用
屈雅鑫,黄素丽,王超,姜杰,季佳佳,方道奎,谢少华,李晓恒,刘宁..2019年南方某市PM2.5金属和类金属元素组分的分布特征、源解析及健康风险评估[J].环境与职业医学,2025,42(2):196-204,9.基金项目
深圳市医学重点学科建设经费项目(SZXK067) （SZXK067）
