大气科学学报2025，Vol.48Issue(1)：136-151,16.DOI:10.13878/j.cnki.dqkxxb.20231208001
江淮夏季不同对流过程的无人机边界层观测特征分析
Observation characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer using rotor-craft UAVs for different convective processes in the Jianghuai region during summer
摘要
Abstract
This study leverages rotorcraft Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)observations from five stations near Yancheng city,Jiangsu Province,collected between July and October 2019,to analyze atmospheric boundary layer characteristics during summer convective weather.ERA5 analysis and L-band sounding observations were used to quantitatively evaluate biases and errors in temperature,humidity,and wind fields derived from UAV observations.At different vertical levels,the average temperature deviations between UAV and sounding observa-tions ranged from-0.2 to 0.02℃,with observation errors between 0.44 and 0.59 ℃.Average humidity devia-tions between UAV observations and ERA5 reanalysis were 1.27％to 7.14％,with corresponding observation er-rors of 7.14％to 10.71％.Deviations in wind speed and direction were 0.40 to 1.34 m/s and-3.87° to 4.98°,respectively with errors of 1.24 to 1.62 m/s and 10.50° to 23.96°.The triangular cap method,used for error esti-mation assumes mutual independence of datasets,leading to inherent uncertainties in standard deviation calcula-tions.Observational errors derived via this method depend on discrepancies between reference datasets;large dis-crepancies yield smaller observational errors,whereas smaller discrepancies increase the errors.Despite these limi-tations,the overall accuracy of UAV data aligns with the reference datasets,meeting requirements for boundary layer analysis.The boundary layer characteristics during three distinct convective weather scenarios were exam-ined:1)In the case of weak synoptic-scale forcing,precipitation was driven caused by localized wind convergence and changes in inversion layer height prior to precipitation,as captured by UAV observations.Intense wind shear below the lifting condensation level was identified as a precursor to precipitation events;2)In the case of strong synoptic-scale forcing,precipitation was caused by large-scale low-level instability,evidenced by an un-stable superadiabatic layer within the boundary layer.The boundary layer characteristics showed clear responses to synoptic-scale forcing;3)In the influence of a moving synoptic-scale weather system,rapid changes in meteoro-logical variables within the boundary layer,such as increased wind speed near the surface,were attributed to the movement of a dominant synoptic-scale system.The planetary boundary layer depth dropped sharply due to the cold air intrusion.The study underscores that boundary layer variations reflect large-scale forcing in cases of strong synoptic-scale influences,while weak synoptic-scale forcing reveals localized precipitation mechanisms.These findings form the basis for improving numerical models and variational assimilation techniques for convec-tive weather prediction.Future research will focus on developing error correction models,quality control methods,and sparsification techniques to enhance the integration assimilation of UAV observations into numerical weather prediction models,improving forecasts of localized convective events.关键词
无人机观测/对流天气过程/边界层观测特征Key words
UAV observations/convective weather processes/boundary layer observation characteristics引用本文复制引用
李厚凝,李昕,李煜斌,吴泓,曾明剑..江淮夏季不同对流过程的无人机边界层观测特征分析[J].大气科学学报,2025,48(1):136-151,16.基金项目
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20211396) （BK20211396）
国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFC3080500) （2022YFC3080500）
国家自然科学基金项目(42322507 （）
42275167) （）
江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2022851) （BE2022851）
江苏省科研基金重点项目(KZ202304) （KZ202304）
中国气象服务协会气象科技创新平台重点项目(CMSA2023ZA001) （CMSA2023ZA001）
