实验动物与比较医学2025，Vol.45Issue(1)：21-29,9.DOI:10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2024.105
不同毛色豚鼠的TYR及MC1R基因多态性及组织表达分析
Polymorphism and Tissue Expression Analysis of TYR and MC1R Genes in Guinea Pigs with Different Coat-Color Phenotypes
摘要
Abstract
Objective To explore the polymorphism of tyrosinase(TYR)and melanocortin 1 receptor(MC1R)genes and their mRNA expression levels in relation to coat-color phenotypes in guinea pigs,providing genetic markers for locating dominant traits in guinea pigs.Methods A total of 57 self-bred ordinary-level guinea pigs were selected and divided into three groups based on coat color:white(n=22),variegated(n=22)and black(n=13).The guinea pigs were euthanized with an overdose of pentobarbital sodium via intraperitoneal injection.DNA was then extracted from the dorsal skin tissue.Polymorphism in the coding sequence(CDS)of the exons of the TYR and MC1R genes in each group was detected by cloning and sequencing.The mRNA expression of the two genes in skin tissues was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to investigate the relationship between these genes and guinea pig coat color.Results A single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)site was found in the CDS region of TYR exon Ⅰ,where the base A was replaced by G.All white guinea pigs had the G/G genotype for TYR,while no deep-colored(variegated and black)guinea pigs exhibited the G/G genotype for TYR.Most deep-colored guinea pigs had the A/A genotype,and a few had A/G genotype.The A/A genotype frequency in black guinea pigs was higher than in variegated guinea pigs.A 2 760 bp sequence deletion was identified in the exon of the MC1R gene,marked as the-gene,with non-deleted samples marked as N gene.Most white guinea pigs had the-/-genotype for MC1R,variegated guinea pigs mainly had the-/N genotype,and black guinea pigs mainly had the N/N genotype,with a few showing the-/N.The TYR gene expression level was higher in white guinea pigs,lower in variegated guinea pigs,and intermediate in black guinea pigs,but there was no significant difference among the three groups(P＞0.05).The MC1R gene expression level in white guinea pigs was extremely low,while both variegated and black guinea pigs showed significantly higher levels than white guinea pigs(P＜0.01).Black guinea pigs showed significantly higher levels than variegated guinea pigs(P＜0.05).Conclusion The TYR and MC1R genes synergistically regulate coat color of guinea pigs.The G-site mutation in the TYR gene may lead to albinism,and the change of N-site in the MC1R gene affects the depth of the coat color.关键词
豚鼠/基因多态性/基因表达/毛色/酪氨酸酶/黑素皮质素1受体Key words
Guinea pig/Gene polymorphism/Gene expression/Coat color/Tyrosinase/Melanocortin 1 receptor分类
生物学引用本文复制引用
汤银根,冯亚仙,钟敏,卫振,汪洌,刘迪文..不同毛色豚鼠的TYR及MC1R基因多态性及组织表达分析[J].实验动物与比较医学,2025,45(1):21-29,9.基金项目
浙江省基础公益研究计划项目"通过重测序和FISH定位建立豚鼠SSR遗传检测方法的研究"(LTGD24C040001) （LTGD24C040001）
