中国土壤与肥料Issue(1)：73-82,10.DOI:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.24229
施氮量对长江流域夏直播棉生长、产量的影响及综合评价
Effect and comprehensive evaluation of nitrogen application rate on the growth and yield of summer direct seeding cotton in the Yangtze River Basin
摘要
Abstract
In order to clarify the impact of nitrogen application rate on cotton growth and yield in summer direct seeding cotton in the Yangtze River Basin,providing scientific basis for evaluating the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application and improving economic benefits,a randomized block design was adopted in the field experiment for two consecutive years,using 425 varieties from China Cotton Institute as materials.Six nitrogen application rates were set up,i.e.0,60,120,180,240,and 300 kg/hm2,and were marked as N0,N1,N2,N3,N4 and N5,respectively.The changes in cotton agronomic traits,biomass,leaf area index(LAI),leaf nitrogen content,seed cotton yield,and other indicators with nitrogen application rate were analyzed.The comprehensive evaluation of nitrogen application effects was conducted using factor analysis,principal component analysis,and membership function analysis to simulate the optimal economic nitrogen application rate.The results showed that nitrogen application promoted the growth of cotton,and significantly increased the LAI,leaf nitrogen content and population biomass.Compared with 240 kg/hm2 nitrogen application treatment,300 kg/hm2 nitrogen application had no significant effect on agronomic traits,LAI and dry matter weight of reproductive organs per plant.The number of bolls per plant,weight per boll,and seed cotton yield of cotton increased with the increase of nitrogen application,while the lint percentage slightly decreased.The seed cotton yield of 300 kg/hm2 nitrogen treatment was significantly higher than those of 0-120 kg/hm2 nitrogen treatments,but it was not significantly different from that of 180 and 240 kg/hm2 nitrogen treatment,and even significantly lower than that of 240 kg/hm2 nitrogen treatment by 9.46%.The membership function score was the highest for a nitrogen application rate of 240 kg/hm2,and the optimal economic nitrogen application rate for a comprehensive two-year simulation was 250.91 kg/hm2.Therefore,the fertilization effect of 240 kg/hm2 of nitrogen on summer direct seeding cotton in the Yangtze River Basin was the best,saving 20%of nitrogen fertilizer compared to 300 kg/hm2 of nitrogen,and increasing seed cotton yield by 74.98 kg/hm2.The recommended optimal economic nitrogen application rate for this mode was 250.91 kg/hm2.关键词
夏直播棉/施氮/叶片生理/产量/经济效益/施肥效应评价Key words
summer direct seeding cotton/nitrogen application/leaf physiology/yield/economic benefits/evaluation of fertilization effects引用本文复制引用
秦宇坤,吴珍平,陈俊英,张丽娟,聂樟清..施氮量对长江流域夏直播棉生长、产量的影响及综合评价[J].中国土壤与肥料,2025,(1):73-82,10.基金项目
江西省棉花产业技术体系项目(JXARS-22-赣北片) （JXARS-22-赣北片）
棉花"直密矮"轻简高效种植技术集成与示范推广项目 （）
江西省重点研发计划项目(20192BBFL60005). （20192BBFL60005）
