中国兽医杂志2025，Vol.61Issue(3)：29-38,10.DOI:10.20157/j.cnki.zgsyzz.2025.sf.001
2022年86家规模化牧场犊牛腹泻调查研究
Investigation of Calf Diarrhea in 86 Large-Scale Dairy Farms in 2022
摘要
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the incidence,diagnostic measures,preventive measures,and treatment costs of calf diarrhea in large-scale dairy farms in China,providing scientific evidence and novel approaches for its prevention and control.In 2022,a survey was conducted on large-scale dairy farms(herds>200 cattle),collecting 86 questionnaires from farms mainly located in Hebei,Heilongjiang,Shaanxi,Beijing,and Shanghai,covering a total of 154 014 cattle.The results showed that farms with herds>5 000 had the lowest diarrhea incidence,while those with 1 000-2 000 and 2 001-5 000 cattle reported higher rates.Recovery rates were highest in 2 001-5 000 cattle farms,followed by 1 000-2 000,while farms with<1 000 and>5 000 cattle had lower recovery rates.Diarrhea rates were controlled at 2%-6%in 59 farms,and 95%recovery rates were achieved in 48 farms.Preventive measures included hygiene management,regular disinfection,colostrum feeding,independent rearing,and vaccination.Diagnosis was based on fecal characteristics,mental state,degree of dehydration,and feed intake.Treatment included antibiotics,rehydration,vitamins,cardiac support,anti-exudation,and anti-inflammatory.Analysis revealed a weak negative correlation between diarrhea incidence and milk yield,a weak negative correlation with total culling rate,and a moderate positive correlation with calf mortality rate.Higher incidence led to higher treatment costs,while farms with higher milk yields showed better disease management and lower costs.The results suggest optimizing management practices to reduce calf diarrhea and improve farm efficiency.关键词
犊牛腹泻/发病率/防控方法/治疗方法/成本Key words
calf diarrhea/incidence rate/prevention and control measures/treatment measures/cost分类
畜牧业引用本文复制引用
姜雪洁,徐闯,李盈,钱伟东,白云龙,邵广,张国华,马广权,贾斌,夏成..2022年86家规模化牧场犊牛腹泻调查研究[J].中国兽医杂志,2025,61(3):29-38,10.基金项目
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36) （CARS-36）
黑龙江省"揭榜挂帅"科技攻关项目(2023ZXJ02B03) （2023ZXJ02B03）
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1801105) （2023YFD1801105）
