植物营养与肥料学报2025，Vol.31Issue(2)：238-253,383,17.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2024338
施肥对东北黑土区玉米和大豆产量影响的整合分析
Meta-analysis of the effects of fertilization on maize and soybean yields in the black soil region of Northeast China
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]The black soil region of Northeast China is regard as the granary of China.However,due to the intensive agricultural production activities in the past decades,the crop yields of this region fluctuated,and soil fertility decline is appeared over time.We investigated the effects of fertilization regimes on the maize and soybean yields of the region,and the main impact factors,to provide a scientific basis for the efficient and sustainable crop production.[Methods]A total of 558 sets of matched pairs of data were collected from 88 published articles in that the field experiments were conducted in the black soil region of Northeast China across 1990-2024.Meta-analysis method was used to study the maize and soybean yield effects of chemical fertilizers,organic materials,and organic and inorganic combined application,and the influence factors through regression and random forests analysis.[Results]Fertilization generally increased the yields of maize and soybean by 24.1%-74.5%and 14.7%-30.7%,respectively.The yield increment by chemical fertilizer application alone was 73.6%for maize and 28.7%for soybean,while those by organic material application alone were 22.3%and 14.2%,and those by combination of inorganic and organic fertilizers were 26.5%and 16.4%.The maize and soybean yields kept increasing with the rise of N application rates and became stable at N application rate reaching 210-480 kg/hm2 and 120-450 kg/hm2,respectively.The optimum N application rate for soybean,regardless nitrogen fertilizer types,was always lower than that of maize.The optimum N application rate of chemical fertilizer alone was lower than that of organic material alone,and their combined application for the same crop.The yield responses of maize and soybean also enhanced with elongation of fertilization years.Both the maize and soybean yield effects of fertilization were positively correlated to annual average temperature,initial soil pH,and available nutrient contents,but negatively correlated to the initial soil organic C(SOC)content and C/N ratio.[Conclusions]The soils in the black soil region of Northeast China are generally high in initial pH,low in initial SOC content and C/N,the maize and soybean production rely heavily on fertilization,especially the application of chemical fertilizers.Therefore,rational fertilization should comprehensively consider fertilizer types,rate and time,as well as the local climate and soil physicochemical properties,so that to acquire efficient crop production and improved soil fertility.关键词
黑土区/土壤肥力/玉米/大豆/增产效应/有机物料/化肥/整合分析Key words
black soil region/soil fertility/maize/soybean/yield-increasing effect/organic material/chemical fertilizer/meta analysis引用本文复制引用
高天宇,邬磊,张泽茂,刘天鸿,王聪,张文菊,徐明岗..施肥对东北黑土区玉米和大豆产量影响的整合分析[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2025,31(2):238-253,383,17.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1500301) （2022YFD1500301）
中国农业科学院青年创新专项(Y2023QC16) （Y2023QC16）
黑龙江现代农业省实验室项目(ZY04JD05-002). （ZY04JD05-002）
