广东农业科学2025，Vol.52Issue(1)：70-80,11.DOI:10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2025.01.007
不同荔枝品种对炭疽病抗性鉴定与评价
Identification and Evaluation of Resistance of Different Litchi Cultivars to Anthracnose
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The study aims to identify the species and dominant physiological races of Colletotrichum causing anthracnose in litchi in Maoming,and to evaluate the resistance of 28 main litchi cultivars grown locally to anthracnose,providing scientific basis for disease-resistant breeding and disease control.[Method]The tissue separation method was used to isolate Colletotrichum from suspected diseased leaves and fruits collected from the National Litchi Germplasm Nursery(Maoming).Pathogen identification was conducted through morphological observation and multi-gene phylogeny analysis.Subsequently,an in vitro inoculation method was employed to inoculate the leaves and fruits of 28 main litchi cultivars with anthracnose.The resistance of various cultivars was evaluated by measuring the lesion area and disease index,and cluster analysis was conducted by Euclidean square distance intra-group association method.[Result]Two species of Colletotrichum,totaling 8 strains,were successfully isolated and identified.Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that,among these strains,6 were Colletotrichum siamense and 2 were C.fructicola,with strain LZTJ1 exhibiting the strongest pathogenicity.The in vitro inoculation conducted on leaves of 27 cultivars and fruits of 18 cultivars revealed that,40.74%(11)and 50.00%(9)of the cultivars exhibited good resistance to anthracnose,respectively.Specifically,five highly resistant cultivars were identified from leaves inoculations,and three from fruits inoculations,with'Yujinqiu','Baila'and'Bingli'being resistant to both leaf and fruit infections.Additionally,it was found that different parts of the same cultivar showed different susceptibility,with fruits generally more sensitive than leaves.Through cluster analysis,the resistance of 17 litchi cultivars was divided into four categories,with 35.29%being resistant and most cultivars being susceptible.[Conclusion]The study revealed the differences in the categories and pathogenicity of litchi anthracnose pathogens in Maoming area,and identified the resistance of local main litchi cultivars to anthracnose.The identified anthracnose-resistant cultivars such as'Yujinqiu','Baila'and'Bingli'can be used as important parent materials for future disease-resistant breeding.关键词
荔枝品种/炭疽菌/离体接种/抗性鉴定/聚类分析/炭疽病分级Key words
litchi cultivar/Colletotrichum spp./in vitro inoculation/resistance identification/cluster analysis/anthracnose grading分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
许兆葳,王俊霞,李莎,赵俊生,欧阳乐军,赵永国,沈超,张玲,陆光远,刘杰凤..不同荔枝品种对炭疽病抗性鉴定与评价[J].广东农业科学,2025,52(1):70-80,11.基金项目
广东省重点领域研发计划(2018B020202011、2021B0707010003) （2018B020202011、2021B0707010003）
广东省普通高校重点领域专项项目(2020ZDZX1056) （2020ZDZX1056）
国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系茂名综合试验站专项(CARS-32-17) （CARS-32-17）
广东省科技创新战略专项(2021S0065、2021S0064) （2021S0065、2021S0064）
