环境与职业医学2025，Vol.42Issue(1)：14-21,8.DOI:10.11836/JEOM24324
山东莱州湾出生队列7岁儿童新烟碱杀虫剂暴露水平及其影响因素
Levels of neonicotinoid pesticides exposure and their influencing factors in 7-year-old children from Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort in Shandong,China
摘要
Abstract
[Background]Neonicotinoid pesticides(NEOs)are widely used in agriculture and households.Previous studies have shown that populations in the Shandong region are generally exposed to NEOs,with higher environmental NEOs concentrations in Laizhou Wan due to its agricul-tural activities and geographical characteristics.School-aged children are vulnerable due to high food intake per body weight,warranting further investigation of their NEOs exposure in this area. [Objective]To assess the levels of NEOs exposure in 7-year-old children in the Laizhou Wan area of Shandong and to investigate dietary and sociodemographic factors that may influence their NEOs exposure levels. [Methods]Based on the Shandong Laizhou Wan Brith Cohort established from 2010 to 2013,this study included 388 children[age(7.44±0.67)years]who participated in the 7-year follow-up.The concentrations of seven NEOs[acetamiprid(ACE),imidacloprid(IM I),clothianidin(CLO),thiamethoxam(THM),thiacloprid(THD),dinotefuran(DIN),and nitenpyram(NIT)]in urine were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS).Basic demographic information,dietary frequency,and preparation methods of fruits and vegetables were collected through questionnaires.Univariate linear regression was used to examine the associations between urinary NEOs concentrations and demographic information,dietary frequency,and preparation methods of fruits and vegeta-bles.All β values were transformed using a formula[(2β-1)*100]to describe the percentage change(％)in urinary NEOs concentrations for each factor. [Results]Among the 7-year-old children,the highest median creatinine-adjusted urinary concentration was for CLO(0.497 μg·g-1),followed by IMI(0.461 μg·g-1).The concentrations for DIN,THM,NIT,THD,and ACE were 0.193,0.075,0.013,0.011,and 0.007 μg·g-1,respectively.The detection rates of six NEOs were above 75％,with IMI having the highest detection rate(99.74％),followed by CLO(98.71％).The uni-variate linear regression analysis indicated that the frequency of peeling fruits and vegetables before consumption and gender were sig-nificantly associated with urinary NEOs concentrations(P＜0.05).Compared with children who peeled fruits and vegetables＜1 time(per 10 times,the same hereinafter),those who peeled＞3 times had 28.99％and 18.83％lower THM and Σ6NEOs concentrations,respectively.Compared to boys,girls had 23.20％-43.10％higher concentrations of ACE,IMI,THD,DIN,and Σ6NEOs.The gender-stratified analysis of dietary factors revealed that in boys,those consuming meat and eggs ≥4 times/week had 27.40％and 25.72％lower DIN and Σ6NEOs concentrations,respectively,compared to those consuming＜4 times/week.Boys consuming aquatic products ≥2 times/week had 65.63％higher urinary CLO concentrations compared to those consuming＜2 times/week.Compared with boys who peeled fruits and vegetables＜1 times,those peeling 1-3 times had 35.11％and 22.46％lower THM and THD concentrations,and those peeling＞3 times had 35.43％lower THM concentrations.These results were statistically significant(P＜0.05).However,no similar associations were ob-served in girls. [Conclusion]NEOs exposure is common among the 7-year-old children in Laizhou Wan,Shandong.The frequency of peeling fruits and vegetables before consumption and gender may be influencing factors for urinary NEOs concentrations.However,further research and validation in other populations are required to confirm these findings.关键词
新烟碱杀虫剂/学龄儿童/暴露水平/膳食因素/饮食习惯Key words
neonicotinoid pesticides/school-age child/exposure level/dietary factor/dietary habit分类
预防医学引用本文复制引用
李晶晶,马明月,张妍,潘承谕,田英,高宇..山东莱州湾出生队列7岁儿童新烟碱杀虫剂暴露水平及其影响因素[J].环境与职业医学,2025,42(1):14-21,8.基金项目
上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划项目(2023-2025年)(GWVI-4、GWVI-11.1-41) （2023-2025年）
上海市科委自然科学基金项目(22ZR1435600) （22ZR1435600）
