林业科学2025，Vol.61Issue(3)：50-62,13.DOI:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240428
全国重点林区闪电时空变化特征
Characteristics of Temporal and Spatial Variations of Lightning in China's Key Forest Areas
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The aim of this study was to clarify the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of lightning in key forest areas across the country,in order to enhance the accuracy of predicting lightning-caused fires.[Method]Based on the three-dimensional very low frequency/low frequency(VLF/LF)lightning monitoring data in 2023,this study analyzes the quantity,peak current intensity,cloud flash height and spatiotemporal distribution of lightning(intra-cloud lightning;cloud to ground lightning;positive lightning;negative lightning)in seven key forest areas in China,including the Liangshan forest area of Sichuan Province,Daxingʼanling forest area in Heilongjiang,Daxingʼanling forest area in Inner Mongolia,Saihanba forest area of Hebei Province,Altai forest area of Xinjiang,Beijing,and Fujian Wuyishan National Park.[Result]1)The Liangshan forest area of Sichuan Province experienced the highest frequency of lightning strikes,followed by the Daxingʼanling forest area in Heilongjiang and Daxingʼanling forest area in Inner Mongolia,with the Saihanba forest area of Hebei Province recording the lowest.The proportion of negative lightning was significantly higher than that of positive lightning in all regions.The total lightning density and cloud to ground lightning density in the liangshan forest area of Sichuan Province were the highest,reaching 9.12 and 5.03 times·km-2a-1,respectively,whereas the Altai forest area of Xinjiang had the lowest total lightning density and cloud to ground lightning density,with only 0.16 and 0.11 times·km-2a-1,respectively.2)In Beijing,the Daxingʼanling forest area in Heilongjiang,and the Daxingʼanling forest area in Inner Mongolia,the distribution of current intensity for positive lightning was more concentrated,with the vast majority ranging from 0 and 40 kA,accounting for 93.91%,91.50%,and 87.83%of the total lightning occurrences,respectively.In contrast,the other four regions were more widely distributed,particularly in Altai forest area of Xinjiang.3)The intra-cloud lightning heights in the Daxingʼanling forest area in Heilongjiang,the Daxingʼanling forest area in Inner Mongolia,Beijing and the liangshan forest area of Sichuan Province were predominantly below 16 000 m.In contrast,the intra-cloud lightning heights in the Altai forest area of Xinjiang,the Saihanba forest area of Hebei Province and the Fujian Wuyishan National Park were predominantly below 22 000 m.The proportion of intra-cloud lightning at a height of 1 250 m was the highest across all forest regions.4)The maximum number of lightning in different regions occured in various months.The Daxingʼanling forest area in Heilongjiang,the Daxingʼanling forest area in Inner Mongolia,Beijing and the Fujian Wuyishan National Park mainly occurred in July,the Altai forest area of Xinjiang and the Saihanba forest area of Hebei Province in August,and the Liangshan forest area of Sichuan Province peaked in September.The Daxingʼanling forest area in Heilongjiang and the Daxingʼanling forest area in Inner Mongolia experienced a longer period of high lightning activity within a day,with high numbers of lightning events from 12:00 and 19:00.In contrast,the Liangshan Forest Area in Sichuan showed a high concentration of lightning events from 15:00 to 24:00,indicating a greater frequency of nocturnal occurrences.Except for the Liangshan Forest Area in Sichuan,the daily distribution of lightning events in other forest regions exhibited a unimodal pattern,predominantly occurring during the daytime.5)The lightning in the Daxingʼanling forest area in Heilongjiang was mainly distributed in the northwest,central and southern parts.The lightning in the Daxingʼanling forest area in Inner Mongolia was mainly concentrated in the north central areas between the Jinhe and the Khanma,as well as near the Ganhe.In Beijing,the lightning was concentrated in the Huairou District,Miyun District,Pinggu District,and Mentougou districts.In the Saihanba forest area of Hebei Province,lightning was concentrated in the area of Sandaohekou and Qaincengban.In the Liangshan forest area of Sichuan Province,lightning was mainly distributed in Yuexi County,Mianning County,and Xide County.In the Altay forest area of Xinjiang,lightning was mainly concentrated in the west of Habahe,the northwest of Burqin,and the Altay.In the Fujian Wuyishan National Park,lightning was concentrated in the southeastern and central south general control areas,as well as the southwestern core protected areas.[Conclusion]Lightning occurrence in China exhibited significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity.Based on the impact of lightning on the occurrence of lightning-caused fires,more attention should be paid to lightning activities in mountainous areas from July to September.Particularly in the monitoring and early warning process of lightning-caused fire,emphasis should be placed on nocturnal lightning-caused fire events in the Sichuan area.关键词
三维闪电定位系统/闪电特征/闪电活动/雷击火/时空异质性/重点林区/夜间火Key words
3D lightning location system/lightning characteristics/lightning activity/lightning fire/spatiotemporal heterogeneity/key forest areas/night fire分类
林学引用本文复制引用
司莉青,李威,王明玉,舒立福,苑尚博,李伟克,张慧,史一凡,周暖阳..全国重点林区闪电时空变化特征[J].林业科学,2025,61(3):50-62,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2202005,2023YFD2202003)和国家林业和草原局森林雷击火防控-揭榜挂帅项目(2023132032). （2023YFD2202005,2023YFD2202003）
