农业工程学报2025，Vol.41Issue(3)：94-105,12.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202310168
基于产量、水肥利用效率和温室气体排放的滴灌葡萄水肥用量优选
Optimization of irrigation and fertilization based on grape yield and soil greenhouse gas emissions of drip-fertigated vineyards
摘要
Abstract
Environmental challenges can often stem from the inefficient use of water and fertilizers in vineyards located in the Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi,China.It is highly required for effective irrigation and fertilizer management in the area.This study aims to optimize the irrigation and fertilizer,in order to balance the grape growth,nutrient retention,yield factors,and greenhouse gas emissions.A three-year field trial was conducted from 2019 to 2021.'Hutai 8'was also taken as the test variety.A combination design was employed to feature three irrigation levels:W3(100%of the irrigation quota,M),W2(75%of M),and W1(50%of M),along with four rates of fertilizer:F3(648 kg/hm2),F2(486 kg/hm2),F1(324 kg/hm2),and F0(0 kg/hm2).A systematic investigation was implemented to explore the impacts of irrigation and fertilization on grape growth,soil water and fertilizer distribution,greenhouse gas emissions,and yield components.The TOPSIS method was applied to identify the optimal irrigation and fertilizer amounts for grape cultivation.The results indicated that the fertilization shared a predominant impact on the leaf area index,SPAD value,leaf nitrogen content,leaf phosphorus content,and leaf potassium content,compared with the irrigation.These index values rose significantly,as the amount of fertilization increased from F0 to F2 treatments.By contrast,irrigation shared a notable influence on the soil moisture levels up to 60 cm deep in the soil.The content of residual nutrients in the F1 and F0 treatments declined each year,while there was an increase in the F3 treatment.Proper application of potassium fertilizer effectively reduced the nutrient levels of residual soil among the three types of soil.Compared with irrigation,fertilization was the main influencing factor on the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions from the soil.The cumulative emissions of N2O rose significantly,as the fertilization increased,while the cumulative emissions of CO2 declined gradually.Additionally,the cumulative emissions of CH4 were mostly negative over the last two years.It infers that the soil absorbed CH4 gas.The F2 treatment was achieved in the highest grape yield,water use efficiency,and fertilizer agronomic use efficiency.The best strategies of irrigation and fertilization were determined using the TOPSIS method.The grapevine growth,yield components,and soil conditions were also considered during optimization.The optimal combination was achieved in the W2F2(225 m3/hm2 of irrigation and 486 kg/hm2 of fertilization)during wet years and W3F2(465 m3/hm2 of irrigation and 486 kg/hm2 of fertilization)during dry years.A theoretical framework was offered to maximize the growth and yield of grapevines.The effective usage of water and fertilizer was also combined for the decision-making in the vineyards.A balance between yield and environmental advantages can be achieved during both wet and dry seasons关键词
土壤养分/温室气体/排放/葡萄/产量要素/综合评价法Key words
soil nutrients/greenhouse gas/emission/grape/yield components/comprehensive evaluation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
彭雪莲,陈滇豫,王亚昆,周振江,甄晶博,张智韬,徐灿,胡笑涛..基于产量、水肥利用效率和温室气体排放的滴灌葡萄水肥用量优选[J].农业工程学报,2025,41(3):94-105,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(U2243235) （U2243235）
