热带作物学报2025，Vol.46Issue(3)：638-647,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2025.03.012
复合施肥措施对土壤-橡胶树系统中锰含量及生胶性能的影响
Effects of Fertilization Measures on Manganese Content in Soil-Rubber Tree System and Rubber Properties
摘要
Abstract
Manganese(Mn)is a crucial element influencing the performance of natural rubber.This study investigated the effects of different fertilization strategies on Mn content in soil,rubber tree(Hevea brasiliensis Muell.Arg.)roots and leaves,latex and raw rubber,and the subsequent impact on rubber properties in rubber plantations.The aim was to provide theoretical insights for optimizing rubber tree fertilization and enhancing natural rubber properties.Field ex-periments were conducted from 2022 to 2023 in a RY 73397 variety rubber plantation.Quantitative fertilization was applied to individual rubber trees using a composite approach involving hole application and tapping panel.The control group received no fertilizer treatment(CK),while five different fertilization treatments were implemented:2 kg sodium silicate(T1),0.5%zinc molybdate fertilizer(T2),5 kg biochar(T3),5 kg biochar+0.5%zinc molybdate fertilizer(T4)and 5 kg biochar+0.5%zinc molybdate fertilizer+2 kg sodium silicate(T5).Samples were collected during various months of latex production period to determine dry rubber yield,Mn content in various samples(soil,roots,leaves,latex,raw rubber),and rubber properties under different fertilization strategies,analyzing their effects on Mn content and rubber properties within the soil-rubber tree system.The rubber yield from different treatments ranged from 44.96 g to 62.90 g.Treatments T1,T3,T4 and T5 increased soil pH value,and effectively transformed bioavailable forms of Mn into less available forms for rubber trees in soil,with treatment T5 being most effective.Treatment T5 also significantly reduced Mn content in rubber tree roots.The application of T4 and T5 treatments significantly reduced Mn content in latex.Treatment T1 was effective in enhancing the plasticity retention,while treatments T2,T3,T4 and T5 were capable of im-proving the initial plasticity of raw rubber.Treatments T4 and T5 significantly increased the Mooney viscosity.Follow-ing the implementation of T2,T3,T4 and T5 treatments,the initial plasticity,plasticity retention,and Mooney viscosity of natural rubber all complied with the General Specifications for Natural Rubber Used in Aircraft Tires.The num-ber-average molecular weight and weight-average molecular weight of raw rubber under different treatments ranged from 35.25×104 to 39.57×104 and from 161.84×104 to 167.32×104,respectively,while also decreasing the molecular weight distribution.To summary,the combined application of biochar,sodium silicate,and zinc-molybdenum fertilizers can enhance soil conditions,affecting the yield of rubber trees and the manganese(Mn)content in both latex and raw rubber,which in turn influences the properties of raw rubber.Based on this study,the T5 treatment(5 kg biochar+0.5%zinc molybdate fertilizer+2 kg sodium silicate per individual tree)is recommended for comprehensive enhancement of dry rubber yield and rubber properties.关键词
天然橡胶/施肥措施/土壤-橡胶树系统/锰含量/生胶性能Key words
natural rubber/fertilization practices/soil-rubber tree system/Mn content/raw rubber properties分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
孔意鹏,王万新,金东奇,刘海林,李建宏,赵庆杰,林清火..复合施肥措施对土壤-橡胶树系统中锰含量及生胶性能的影响[J].热带作物学报,2025,46(3):638-647,10.基金项目
海南省重大科技项目(No.ZDKJ2021004) （No.ZDKJ2021004）
国家重点研发计划项目(No.2022YFD2301201) （No.2022YFD2301201）
中国热带农业科学院国家热带农业科学中心科技创新团队项目(No.CATASCXTD202303). （No.CATASCXTD202303）
