山西农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(2)：35-44,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2481.2025.02.06
小麦表皮蜡质及干旱响应研究进展
Research Progress on Wheat Epidermis Wax and Drought Response
摘要
Abstract
The epidermis wax of wheat is a hydrophobic composite composed of complex mixtures,primarily including very-long-chain fatty acids and their derivatives,which exists in crystalline or amorphous forms coating the epidermal tissues.As the primary physical barrier against environmental stresses,this epidermis wax layer plays crucial roles in maintaining water homeostasis and mitigating biotic/abiotic stresses by modulating cuticular permeability and mediating plant-environment interactions.Although studies on model plants like Arabidopsis have elucidated fundamental metabolic pathways of cuticular wax,research progress on wheat-an allotetraploid crop with genomic complexity-remains comparatively limited.Notably,the coupling mechanisms between wax dynamic deposition and drought signal transduction remain poorly understood.Given this situation,in this review,current advances in the chemical composition,crystalline architecture,biosynthetic pathways,regulatory mechanisms,and drought-responsive adaptations of wheat epidermis wax were systematically synthesized.It was clarified that the structure,composition,and content directly influenced drought resistance.Especially,under drought stress conditions,epidermis wax significantly reduced non-stomatal water evaporation through enhancing crystal density and optimizing chemical composition.And it was also expounded that the biosynthesis,secretion,assembly,and transport of these lipophilic metabolites were coordinately regulated by multiple genes and intricate molecular networks,including acetyl-CoA carboxylase(ACCase)-mediated fatty acid elongation,aldehyde decarbonylation controlled by the CER gene family,and ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporter-dependent wax secretion processes.These genetic and molecular networks dynamically responded to abiotic stresses such as drought.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of the structural composition,biosynthetic pathways,regulatory gene networks,and drought-responsive mechanisms of wheat epidermis wax holds significant implications for leveraging this biological trait in drought-resistant breeding programs.关键词
小麦/表皮蜡质/干旱胁迫/化学组分特征/合成代谢途径/调控机理Key words
wheat/epidermis wax/drought stress/chemical component characteristics/synthetic metabolic pathway/regu-lation mechanism分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
温宏伟,单皓,王裕智,张晋辉,杨斌..小麦表皮蜡质及干旱响应研究进展[J].山西农业科学,2025,53(2):35-44,10.基金项目
山西省基础研究计划(202103021223156) （202103021223156）
山西省中央引导地方科技发展资金(YDZJSX2022A033,YDZJSX20231A039) （YDZJSX2022A033,YDZJSX20231A039）
