生态学杂志2025，Vol.44Issue(3)：823-833,11.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202503.025
道路对青藏高原湿地景观影响的生态风险评价
Ecological risk assessment of road impacts on wetland landscapes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
摘要
Abstract
The expansion of road networks has resulted in the fragmentation of wetland landscapes,decreased con-nectivity and increased ecological risks,presenting a big challenge to wetland conservation and sustainable develop-ment in the ecologically fragile regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Quantitative assessment of the impacts of roads on landscape patterns and ecological risks,as well as their spatial heterogeneity,is crucial to comprehending the effects of roads on wetlands.We investigated the quantitative relationships between the impacts of roads on the structure of different wetland landscapes and the associated ecological risks,along with their spatial-temporal varia-tions from 1990 to 2020 in the Yangtze River Source Area within the Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Ti-bet Plateau.Data were analyzed with scenario analysis,spatial association,and geographically weighted regression.The results showed that:(1)Road expansion enlarged the differences of landscape structure of different wetland types.The most significant effects were observed in the patch density and landscape shape index of riparian wet-lands,and the connectivity of salt marshes,while the impact on lakes was minimal.(2)Over the past three dec-ades,road network density increased more rapidly in the southeast,mainly characterized by low-density growth centered around villages.The areas of wetland landscapes at high,relatively high,and moderate ecological risk lev-els showed a stepwise declining trend,with high-risk zones being concentrated in salt marshes,glacial wetlands,and the confluence of riverine and marshy wetlands.(3)Throughout the study period,the area primarily witnessed an increase in clusters of high road density and low ecological risk.These clusters were concentrated in areas with lower-grade roads,indicating that the addition of lower-grade roads did not significantly affect the ecological risk to wetland landscapes.Conversely,areas with high ecological risk and high road density were predominantly concen-trated along the G109 highway.Wetland landscapes adjacent to higher-grade roads faced higher ecological risk.Mo-reover,in the central salt marsh and riparian wetland zones,road density exhibited a positive correlation with wet-land landscape ecological risk,suggesting that the construction of higher-grade roads would enhance ecological risk to wetland landscapes.Our findings provide a scientific foundation to guide wetland conservation and road construc-tion in the ecologically fragile regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.关键词
湿地景观/道路网络/生态风险/空间异质性/青藏高原Key words
wetland landscape/road network/ecological risk/spatial heterogeneity/Qinghai-Tibet Plateau引用本文复制引用
张东水,李泳兴,韩用顺,李同生,李秀全,韦建超,钟品,李岳烽..道路对青藏高原湿地景观影响的生态风险评价[J].生态学杂志,2025,44(3):823-833,11.基金项目
科技部基地与人才专项-第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2021QZKK0203-02)和湖南省地质院重大科研项目(HNGSTP202303)资助. （2021QZKK0203-02）
