动物营养学报2025，Vol.37Issue(3)：1614-1631,18.DOI:10.12418/CJAN2025.138
低蛋白质饲粮中非常规饲料原料不同程度替代玉米和豆粕对生长猪生长性能、氮利用率和营养物质吸收转运的影响
Effects of Different Substitution Levels of Unconventional Feed Materials for Corn and Soybean Meal in Low-Protein Diet on Growth Performance,Nitrogen Utilization and Nutrient Absorption and Transport of Growing Pigs
摘要
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different substitution levels of unconven-tional feed materials for corn and soybean meal in low-protein diet on growth performance,nitrogen utilization and nutrient absorption and transport of growing pigs.The study was divided into two trials.In trial 1,180 Du-roc×Landrace×Large White hybrid growing pigs with an initial body weight of(28.94±3.58)kg were ran-domly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 pigs in each replicate(half male and half female).The pigs in the three groups were fed diets containing 20.30%(high soybean meal group)and 10.50%soybean meal(low soybean meal group)and no soybean meal(no soybean meal group),respective-ly,and supplemented with different proportions of cassava meal,rapeseed meal,corn gluten meal and cotton-seed meal to replace corn and soybean meal.The dietary nutrient levels of all groups were the same,and the crude protein level was 16%.The experiment lasted for 28 days.In trial 2,18 Duroc×Landrace×Large White hybrid castrated boars with an initial body weight of(26.16±0.34)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 pig per replicate.The diet treatment of each group was the same as trial 1.The experiment lasted for 19 days,including 7 days of metabolic cage adaptation period,7 days of dietary ad-aptation period and 5 days of total feces and urine collection period.The results showed as follows:1)the sub-stitution of corn and soybean meal with unconventional feed materials in low-protein diet had no significant effects on body weight,average daily gain and feed to gain ratio of growing pigs at all stages(P＞0.05).The average daily feed intake in high soybean meal group from days 14 to 28 was significantly higher than that in low soybean meal group(P＜0.05).2)Compared with high soybean meal group,the mRNA relative expres-sion levels of sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter 4(Snat4),L-type amino acid transporter 3(Lat3),T-type amino acid transporter 1(Tat1),cationic amino acid transporter 2(Cat2),phosphate trans-porter(Pht1)and excitatory amino acid transporter 2(Eaat2)in duodenum of growing pigs in no soybean meal group were significantly or extremely significantly increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),the mRNA relative expression levels of sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter 5(Snat5),Asc amino acid transporter 1(Asc1),Pht1 and Eaat2 in jejunum were significantly or extremely significantly increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the mRNA relative expression levels of Snat4,cationic amino acid transporter 4(Cat4),Pht1 and Eaat2 in ileum were significantly or extremely significantly increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Compared with low soybean meal group,the relative mRNA expression levels of Snat4,Pht1 and Eaat2 in ileum in no soy-bean meal group were significantly or extremely significantly increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).3)Compared with high soybean meal group,the mRNA relative expression levels of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2(Sglt2)and sodium/glucose cotransporter 3(Sglt3)in duodenum of growing pigs in low soybean meal group and no soybean meal group were significantly or extremely significantly decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while the glucose transporter 3(Glut3)mRNA relative expression level was extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01).4)Compared with high soybean meal group,the lipase activity of growing pigs in low soybean meal group and no soybean meal group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the lactase activity in jejunum was significantly decreased(P＜0.05);the sucrase activity in jejunum in no soybean meal group was signifi-cantly decreased(P＜0.05).5)On day 14,compared with high soybean meal group,the serum contents of lysine(Lys),methionine(Met),alanine(Ala),glutamic acid(Glu),aspartate(Asp)and proline(Pro)of growing pigs in no soybean meal group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the serum contents of tryptophan(Try),isoleucine(Ile),arginine(Arg)and tyrosine(Tyr)were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).On day 28,compared with high soybean meal group,the serum contents of Glu and cystine(Cys-Cys)in no soybean meal group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the serum contents of Try and Ile were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).6)Compared with high soybean meal group,the mRNA relative ex-pression levels of insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ(Igf-Ⅰ)and Forkhead box O3(FoxO3)in longissimus dorsi muscle of growing pigs in no soybean meal group were extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01);compared with low soybean meal group,the mRNA relative expression levels of Igf-Ⅰ,FoxO3 and F-box protein 32(Fbxo32)in longissimus dorsi muscle in no soybean meal group were significantly or extremely significantly increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).7)The substitution of corn and soybean meal with unconventional feed mate-rials in low-protein diet had no significant effects on nitrogen utilization of growing pigs(P＞0.05).In conclu-sion,partially replacing corn and soybean meal with unconventional feed materials such as cassava meal,cot-tonseed meal and rapeseed meal in low-protein diet has no significant effect on growth performance of growing pigs at 25 to 50 kg stage,but can promote intestinal amino acid transport and muscle protein synthesis.[Chi-nese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2025,37(3):1614-1631]关键词
非常规饲料原料/生长猪/生长性能/氮利用率/养分吸收转运Key words
unconventional feed materials/growing pigs/growth performance/nitrogen utilization/nutrient absorption and transport分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
陈青云,涂佳钰,曾祥芳,谯仕彦,宋青龙,蔡爽..低蛋白质饲粮中非常规饲料原料不同程度替代玉米和豆粕对生长猪生长性能、氮利用率和营养物质吸收转运的影响[J].动物营养学报,2025,37(3):1614-1631,18.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1300500) （2022YFD1300500）
