运筹与管理2024，Vol.33Issue(12)：137-142,6.DOI:10.12005/orms.2024.0397
金融结构、城乡收入差距与城市化
Financial Structure,Urban-rural Income Gap and Urbanization
摘要
Abstract
There is still a big gap between the goal of urbanization rate in the new era and one in the reality.In terms of quality and scale,the urbanization process still faces considerable challenges.As the core of modern economic development,financial system determines the success or failure of urbanization to a large extent by its function of capital supply and capital allocation.Academic circles have done a lot of research on this.However,most of the existing studies limit the financial development to the expansion of the total financial scale,ignoring the importance of financial structure.In recent years,driven by the demand for high-quality and efficient finance,the financial market gradually improved,and the financial structure favored market-oriented and diversi-fied development.Therefore,a systematic study of the influence of financial structure bias on urbanization and its underlying mechanism has become an urgent issue to be studied.At the same time,the process of urbanization is closely related to the urban-rural income gap.The income gap between urban and rural areas is the cause of an expansion of urbanization.However,the current research on accelerating urban-rural integration takes the narro-wing of the urban-rural income gap as the primary goal,while focusing on improving the quality of citizenization of rural population.But the problem is that the urban-rural income gap itself is the motive of rural population transfer,and narrowing the urban-rural income gap will inevitably affect the urbanization process.To sum up,this paper puts the urban-rural income gap into the analysis framework,takes the urban-rural income gap as the function channel,and discusses the internal mechanism of financial structure affecting urbanization. Based on the perspective of dual economic structure and its transformation,from the concept of optimal financial structure,this paper introduces the degree of adaptation between financial structure and economic development stage into the dual economic model in the form of repayment probability,and reveals the internal mechanism of the influence of financial structure on urbanization through the urban-rural income gap.Subse-quently,this paper quantifies the repayment probability in the form of the cross-multiplication term between financial structure and economic development level,and empirically tests it with provincial panel data from 2003 to 2022.The findings are as follows:(1)The financial structure oriented to the financial market will inhibit the transfer of rural population to the city and hinder the process of urbanization.(2)In the function channel,there is an"income mobility"trap between urban and rural income gap and urbanization.In the case of a large urban-rural income gap,urbanization will proceed slowly.Financial structure favoring financial market will hinder urbanization process by widening urban-rural income gap.(3)The heterogeneity test shows that the influence of financial structure favoring financial market on urbanization only plays a role in regions with higher economic development level,and has no obvious effect on regions with lower economic development level.This paper brings the urban-rural income gap into the analysis frame,and systematically discusses the relationship among financial structure,urban-rural income gap and urbanization.The main contributions lie in the following three aspects:First,compared with previous studies which mainly research the impact of financial system on urbaniza-tion from the perspective of financial development scale,this paper innovatively studies the impact of financial structure on urbanization.Second,compared with previous studies,which mainly explain the role of financial structure through empirical analysis,this paper innovatively incorporates financial structure into the urban-rural dual economic model in the form of repayment probability,which enriches and expands the application scenarios of financial structure.Third,compared with previous studies on the impact of financial system on urbanization from the perspectives of capital skill complementarity,corporate financing constraints,and financial agglomera-tion,this paper studies the impact of financial structure on urbanization by taking the urban-rural income gap as a function channel.关键词
城市化/金融结构/金融市场/城乡收入差距/人口转移Key words
urbanization/financial structure/financial market/urban-rural income gap/population transfer分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
刘超,高树隆,李国成..金融结构、城乡收入差距与城市化[J].运筹与管理,2024,33(12):137-142,6.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(62073007) （62073007）
