运筹与管理2024，Vol.33Issue(12)：187-194,8.DOI:10.12005/orms.2024.0404
基于异质性偏好的可持续产品设计绩效评价方法:全球940条汽车设计生产线的分析
Performance Evaluation Method of Sustainable Product Design Based on Heterogeneity Preference:Analysis of 940 Global Automobile Design Production Lines
摘要
Abstract
Physical and environmental performances are the key to sustainable product design.In the process of sustainable product design,different types of industrial enterprises have heterogeneous preferences for physical and environmental performances,and often adopt different strategies to improve the design performance.However,traditional performance evaluation methods have failed to effectively reveal performance changes made by heterogeneity preferences.In order to achieve a balance between the physical and environmental performances of products,it is urgent to make a profound study of an intrinsic mechanism of product design performance changes made by industrial enterprise heterogeneity preferences in theory and practice. The current study defines the product design performance as a comprehensive index to measure multiple product specifications and attributes,including industrial design and ecological design,and develops a network data envelopment analysis model for a performance evaluation under heterogeneous preferences.Considering the unique structure of this model,we propose a new linear optimization algorithm.This method not only improves a computational accuracy of solving nonlinear models,but greatly reduces a computational complexity.By adjus-ting the preference weights of industrial enterprises and analyzing the performance relationship among the indus-trial design performance,ecological design performance,and overall performance of product design,we can determine the optimal combination of product specifications and attributes.Based on the vehicle test database of important automobile manufacturers in the world,the design performances of 940 automobile production lines in 30 automobile manufacturers are evaluated by using key product specifications,product attributes and the pollution emission performance. The current study finds:the heterogeneity preference does not necessarily lead to changes in the industrial design performance and ecological design performance,and the variation in the system performance of product design is only caused by a change in preference weights.In certain intervals,small changes in manufacturer preferences lead to significant variations in the industrial and ecological design performance,and these intervals are the key to the sustainable design of the automobile production line.In the absence of any change in the relationship between the performance values of industrial design and ecological design,we need to ensure that the environmental performance meets the requirements for the environmental protection department and then improves the physical performance.When the performance values vary between industrial design and ecological design,we can do the optimal design of both physical and environmental performances simultaneously by coordinating the performance relationship between the two subsystems in product design. This study provides a relatively complete framework for enterprises to coordinate physical and environmental performances in sustainable product design from the perspective of the"heterogeneity preference",and to provide solutions for industrial enterprises in China to overcome the dilemma of sustainable product design.This study has the following limitations:First,this study defines the system performance of product design as a convex combination of the industrial design performance and ecological design performance based on network DEA models,and demonstrates the variations in the design performance under different decision-making preferences by adjusting preference weights.However,decision-makers may have no preference information for the industrial design performance and environmental design performance.How to determine the reasonable weights is still a valuable issue for research.Second,for the problem of solving nonlinear models,this study proposes an approxi-mate linearization solution method based on the unique structure of performance evaluation models about hetero-geneity preferences.Although the numerical examples show the advantages of the new algorithm in the computa-tional accuracy and complexity,the approximation error between the approximate solution and true solution has not been proved in terms of the nonlinear programming theory.Finally,for the issue of product type classifica-tion,different types of products are aimed at different consumer groups,which have varying requirements for physical and environmental performances.In the performance evaluation of product design,it is necessary to classify automobile design production lines based on product types.However,this study emphasizes the applica-tion of network models in practice,but does not classify them based on specific information of car types(sedan,sportscar,SUV,MPV,new energy vehicles,etc.),which clearly deviates from the actual situations.关键词
可持续产品设计/异质性偏好/物理性能/环保性能Key words
sustainable product design/heterogeneity preference/physical performance/environmental performance分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
郭传银,耿薇,徐倩,张健,张琳彦..基于异质性偏好的可持续产品设计绩效评价方法:全球940条汽车设计生产线的分析[J].运筹与管理,2024,33(12):187-194,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71901032) （71901032）
北京市自然科学基金项目(9212005) （9212005）
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(19YJC630047) （19YJC630047）
北京市社会科学基金项目(19JDGLB021,19GLC073) （19JDGLB021,19GLC073）
北京市教委科研计划一般项目(SM202011232004) （SM202011232004）
