安全、健康和环境2025，Vol.25Issue(3)：12-19,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7932.2025.03.002
炼化企业受限空间中毒窒息事故风险分析及应对措施
Risk Analysis and Countermesures of Poisoning and Asphyxiation Accidents in Confined Spaces of Refining and Chemical Enterprises
摘要
Abstract
To explore the evolution path of poisoning and asphyxiation accidents in confined spaces in refi-ning enterprises and the influencing factors of each basic event,taking hydrogen sulfide poisoning and asphyxia-tion accidents in confined spaces of refining enterprises as the research object,the Fault Tree Analysis(FTA)method and Bayesian Network(BN)were employed to construct a FTA-BN model for poisoning and asphyxia-tion accidents in confined spaces.The prior probabilities of each basic event were calculated using fuzzy set the-ory and natural language fuzzy evaluation methods.The structural importance of the fault tree was used to quali-tatively analyze the impact of each basic event on the top event.The reverse reasoning function of the Bayesian Network was utilized to quantitatively calculate and analyze the posterior probabilities and sensitivities of each basic event,resulting in a ranking of the influencing factors of each basic event leading to the occurrence of poi-soning and asphyxiation accidents in confined spaces.The results indicated that insufficient safety awareness,inadequate emergency rescue equipment leading to risky rescue attempts,errors in process purging and replace-ment operations,mistakes in energy isolation and lockout operations,and insufficient ventilation capacity were the main risk factors contributing to poisoning and asphyxiation accidents in confined spaces.Specific measures were proposed based on the risk analysis results,and their application has yielded positive outcomes.关键词
受限空间/事故树方法/贝叶斯网络/中毒窒息/风险分析Key words
confined space/accident tree method/Bayesian network/poisoning and asphyxiation/risk analysis分类
石油、天然气工程引用本文复制引用
王文正,姜莉文,王阶平,贺辉宗,周良峰,穆波,厉建祥..炼化企业受限空间中毒窒息事故风险分析及应对措施[J].安全、健康和环境,2025,25(3):12-19,8.基金项目
中国石化化工事业部项目(CHG23099),化工装置检修作业危险能量隔离动态管控技术. （CHG23099）
