铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(3)：921-929,9.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20240755
高速铁路隧道洞口噪声理论计算方法研究
Theoretical calculation method of noise around portal of high-speed railway tunnel
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the noise patterns at the portal of high-speed railway tunnels,on the basis of the direct sound prediction method using multiple equivalent sound sources,a new theoretical calculation method for reverberant noise based on statistical acoustics was developed,and the theoretical calculation model for environmental noise impact around tunnel portal was established.Based on geometric acoustic simulation software,three-dimensional simulation analysis models of noise from train sets pass by the tunnel portal and the embankment section at a speed of 350 km/h were constructed separately.By comparing the differences in noise propagated by high-speed trains under different boundary conditions,the time-varying impact of reverberation on noise around the portal of tunnel was explored.A comparative analysis was conducted between the simulation and theoretical calculation results.The reliability of the theoretical and simulation results was verified using the time-domain noise curve outside the tunnel when the train set at 350 km/h exited the tunnel,as obtained through field testing.The results indicate that the predicted noise calculation results of the established theoretical model and simulation analysis have an error of less than 1 dB(A)compared to the actual measurements.The tunnel reverberation is the main cause of increased noise at tunnel portal,reaching its maximum when the front car of the train set approaches the portal and rapidly decreasing when most of the train exits the tunnel,with its overall contribution shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.Before the train set exits the tunnel,the noise at the tunnel entrance is dominated by reverberant noise,while during the process of the train exiting the tunnel,the noise around the tunnel portal is primarily the direct sound produced by the part of the train that has exited the tunnel.The proposed theoretical model of reverberant and total noise at the portal of high-speed railway tunnels has effectively resolved the contribution of reverberant noise,allowing for accurate calculation of the time-varying characteristics of noise around the tunnel portals.The research is of significant importance and practical value for further guiding the rapid development of noise control plans and improving the acoustic environment around the tunnel portals.关键词
高速铁路/隧道/混响/直达声/理论方法Key words
high-speed railway/tunnel/reverberation sound/direct sound/theoretical method引用本文复制引用
李志强,王晨歌,郑撼,刘兰华,朴爱玲,邵琳..高速铁路隧道洞口噪声理论计算方法研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(3):921-929,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52378450) （52378450）
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科研开发计划课题(J2023Z004) （J2023Z004）
中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研开发计划课题(2022YJ254) （2022YJ254）
