河南农业科学2025，Vol.54Issue(2)：40-47,8.DOI:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.02.005
干旱胁迫对不同小麦品种灌浆期旗叶光合及生理特性的影响
Effect of Drought Stress on Photosynthetic and Physiological Characteristics of Flag Leaves of Different Wheat Varieties at Filling Stage
摘要
Abstract
The drought-resistant wheat variety Zhengmai 1860,its parents,and Zhoumai 18(control)were used as materials.The gas exchange parameters,chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics,antioxidant enzyme activities,osmotic adjustment substances contents in flag leaves,and water use efficiency of different wheat varieties were studied under drought treatment(irrigation only at the jointing stage during the entire growth period),so as to provide valuable insights for optimizing water-efficient wheat cultivation,developing drought-resistant cultivars,and advancing water-saving breeding programs.The results showed that,under drought stress,the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr)and maximum photomassive efficiency(Fv/Fm),potential photochemical activity(Fv/Fo),actual photomassive efficiency(ФPSⅡ),and electron transfer rate(ETR)of PSⅡ of the flag leaf of Zhengmai 1860 were significantly higher than those of Zhoumai 18,and the intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)was significantly lower than that of Zhoumai 18,followed by Zhoumai 22;The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT),and the contents of soluble protein,soluble sugar and proline in the flag leaf of Zhengmai 1860 were significantly higher than those of Zhoumai 18,and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)was significantly lower than that of Zhoumai 18,followed by Zhoumai 22;The yield and water use efficiency of Zhengmai 1860 were significantly higher than those of Zhoumai 18,which was mainly due to the significant improvement of the thousand-grain weight and the number of grains per spike,and followed by Zhoumai 22.In conclusion,Zhengmai 1860 enhances antioxidant enzyme activity,and osmotic adjustment capacity under drought stress at filling stage,protects the photosynthetic electron transport process of PSⅡ,alleviates the degree of nonstomatal restriction and membrane lipid peroxidation,and maintains higher Pn at filling stage,thus obtaining higher yield.关键词
小麦/抗旱性/水分利用率/光合作用/抗氧化酶Key words
Wheat/Drought resistance/Water use efficiency/Photosynthesis/Antioxidant enzymes分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
彭超军,华夏,王松峰,高崇,董海滨,胡琳..干旱胁迫对不同小麦品种灌浆期旗叶光合及生理特性的影响[J].河南农业科学,2025,54(2):40-47,8.基金项目
河南省重大科技专项(231100110100) （231100110100）
河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2025ZC07) （2025ZC07）
