南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）2025，Vol.25Issue(1)：57-75,19.DOI:10.16397/j.cnki.1671-1165.202501057
生态学马克思主义研究评析
An Analysis and Review of Ecological Marxism Studies
摘要
Abstract
Ecological Marxism,based on Marx's theories on the relationship between man and nature,as well as material metabolism,sublates Frankfurt School's social critical theory and contemporary Western ecological thought resources.Its historical development can be divided into three stages:emergence and germination,development and maturation,and diversification and prosperity.Its core viewpoints are as follows:First,regarding the attitude towards historical materialism,some scholars affirm and explore the ecological thought within historical materialism,arguing that Marxism inherently contains a comprehensive ecological perspective,while others advocate for an ecological reconstruction of historical materialism.Second,it adopts a balanced attitude towards technology,neither fully embracing the overly positive expectations of technological progress held by technological optimism nor agreeing with the excessive emphasis on technological autonomy advocated by technological pessimism.Third,due to differing emphases in their critique of capitalism,scholars also vary in their interpretations of the ecological crisis.Some argue that under the capitalist mode of production,mass consumption patterns characterized by"false needs","overconsumption",and other forms of"alienated consumption"are the root causes of the global ecological crisis.Others believe that capitalism and its mode of production,in its pursuit of high profits and continuous expansion of production to increase capital accumulation,often neglect environmental costs,ultimately leading to ecological crises.Accordingly,it advocates for the establishment of a decentralized and low-production model,promoting ecological rationality and the reconstruction of socialism.Ecological socialism is seen as a means to resolve the ecological crisis and build a just and sustainable society.Ecological Marxism faces challenges such as a disconnect between theory and practice and a lack of a global perspective.Therefore,enhancing the relevance and practicality of its theories,expanding its global outlook,and advancing localized implementations are crucial pathways to addressing the ecological crisis.关键词
生态学马克思主义/历史唯物主义/生态社会主义/生态重构Key words
ecological Marxism/historical materialism/ecological socialism/ecological reconstruction引用本文复制引用
包庆德,胡瑞荫..生态学马克思主义研究评析[J].南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）,2025,25(1):57-75,19.基金项目
国家社会科学基金重点项目"唯物史观视野中的当代西方生态哲学思潮研究"(22AZX002). （22AZX002）
