中国农业科学2025，Vol.58Issue(5)：943-955,13.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.05.010
磷肥长期施用对石灰性褐土团聚体中磷形态及磷酸酶活性的影响
Effects of Long-Term Chemical Phosphorus Application on Phosphorus Morphology and Phosphatase Activity of Different Aggregates Sizes in Calcareous Brown Soil
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to explore the differences of phosphorus(P)morphology and phosphatase activity in different aggregates sizes,and to clarify the change mechanism of soil P component contents and availability under different long-term chemical P application rates,so as to provide the theoretical support for the efficient utilization of soil P and sustainable agricultural development.[Method]Long-term field experiment with different chemical P fertilizer application rates were established in calcareous brown soil.Soil samples in the topsoil(0-20 cm)were collected,which were treated with three gradients of P fertilizer application rates of 0(P0,control),120(P120)and 210(P210)kg P2O5·hm-2 annually.The soil aggregate content,P component contents and alkaline phosphatase activity of different soil aggregate sizes were determined.The effects of long-term chemical P application on P morphology and phosphatase activity of different aggregates sizes in calcareous brown soil were analyzed.[Result]Compared with P0,the stability and P component content of different aggregates in calcareous brown soil were significantly improved after long-term P application.The content of acid-soluble inorganic P(Pi-HCl)was the highest in different P components,while the content of water-soluble P(Pi-H2O),sodium bicarbonate organic P(Po-NaHCO3)and sodium hydroxide inorganic P(Pi-NaOH)were relatively low.The changes of inorganic P pools in all aggregates were higher than those in organic P pools under different treatments.Compared with P120 treatment,the inorganic P content in large aggregate(＞2 mm),small aggregate(0.25-2 mm)and micro-aggregate(＜0.25 mm)were reduced by 21.5%,27.0%and 18.7%,respectively,and the organic P content decreased by 15.6%,12.8%and 12.2%,respectively.There were significant differences in organic P contents among different aggregate sizes and P application rates.The labile P(LP)content changed largest in different P availability forms.There were extremely significant differences among different particle size and P application rate.The contribution rate of inorganic P in large aggregates(Pi,＞2 mm)was the highest,ranging from 27.6%to 38.3%,while that of organic P in small aggregates(Po,0.25-2 mm)was the lowest,ranging from 2.9%to 4.9%.The contribution rate of stable P(SP)content to total P content was the highest,accounting for 84.3-91.2%.The contribution rate of SP in large aggregates(SP,＞2 mm)was the highest,ranging from 52.6%to 55.2%.Soil phosphatase activity was significantly different in soil aggregates,which increased with the increase of aggregate size.In large aggregates,the phosphatase activity was significantly increased with the increase of P application rate.In small aggregates,the phosphatase activity of P120 treatment was the highest,and it was a significant difference between them.However,there was no significant difference in phosphatase activity of micro-aggregates between different treatments.The results of correlation analysis showed that the aggregate size was negatively correlated with the content of organic P content significantly,and positively correlated with the activity of alkaline phosphatase significantly.Structural equation model(SEM)analysis results showed that the P application rate could directly affect the inorganic P content in soil and then affect the P availability in soil.Soil aggregate structural could direct influence on the organic P content and alkaline phosphatase activities,and indirectly affect the inorganic P content and P availability.[Conclusion]Long-term application of chemical P fertilizer significantly increased the content of aggregates,the content of P components in each size aggregates,and the activity of alkaline phosphatase in calcareous brown soil.The large aggregates contributed the most to the soil P availability.P application rate and soil aggregate regulated soil P availability synergistically.Therefore,the scientific P application and increasing the proportion of soil large aggregates were important to improve the availability of soil P utilization.关键词
长期施磷肥/磷组分/团聚体/磷酸酶活性/石灰性褐土Key words
long-term phosphorus application/phosphorus component/soil aggregate/phosphatase activity/calcareous brown soil引用本文复制引用
黄少辉,贾良良,杨慧敏,杨军芳,杨文方,聂浩亮,张静,邢素丽,王敬霞,杨云马..磷肥长期施用对石灰性褐土团聚体中磷形态及磷酸酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2025,58(5):943-955,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1901003,2021YFD1901004)、河北省玉米产业体系(HBCT2023020204)、河北省农林科学院现代农业科技创新专项课题(2022KJCXZX-ZHS-4,2022KJCXZX-ZHS-5) （2021YFD1901003,2021YFD1901004）
