农学学报2025，Vol.15Issue(3)：82-92,11.
气象条件对河套地区向日葵品质的影响
Effects of Meteorological Conditions on Sunflower Quality in Hetao Irrigation Area
摘要
Abstract
In order to study the effects of meteorological conditions on the internal quality and appearance quality of sunflower seed kernels in Hetao Irrigation District,using the staged sowing experiment to record the development period of sunflowers,and the contents of linoleic acid and oleic acid in sunflower kernels were tested.The incidence of sunflower kernel rust spots,disease index and sunflower borer feeding rate were counted.Using Excel,the numerical relationship between the internal and external quality of sunflower kernel and meteorological conditions was analyzed.The results showed that the sowing date had obvious influence on the inner quality and appearance of sunflower.Considering these two aspects,the best sowing date should be from May 25 to June 2.When the sunshine duration from flowering to maturity was 393.3-396.4.8 h,the content of linoleic acid could be greatly increased and the content of oleic acid could be reduced.When the average relative humidity from flowering to maturity was 58%-59%,the quality of sunflower could be significantly improved.When the average temperature from flowering to maturity was 19.0-20.8℃,the inner quality and appearance of sunflower were obviously improved.Precipitation from flowering to maturity had significant effects on sunflower quality.When precipitation was 42-44 mm,the content of linoleic acid in sunflower was greatly increased.When the precipitation was 46.9 mm,the gnawing rate of moth was the lowest.Precipitation,relative humidity and water vapor pressure at flowering stage were negatively correlated with the occurrence index of sunflower rust spot.With the increase of moisture and humidity,the number of drought-fond pest thrips decreased sharply,so the incidence index of rust spot decreased.关键词
向日葵/气象条件/籽仁/亚油酸/油酸/葵籽粒锈斑/籽仁内在品质/葵螟蛀食率/籽粒外观品质Key words
sunflower/meteorological conditions/seed kernel/linoleic acid/oleic acid/sunflower kernel rust/kernel intrinsic quality/rate of moth eating/kernel appearance quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘伟,包佳婧,刘艳丽..气象条件对河套地区向日葵品质的影响[J].农学学报,2025,15(3):82-92,11.基金项目
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY0145) （2022ZY0145）
内蒙古自然科学基金(2022MS04017) （2022MS04017）
内蒙古自治区气象局科技创新项目灌溉预报在河套地区玉米滴灌中的应用(nmqxkjcx202312) （nmqxkjcx202312）
向日葵菌核病气象等级预报方法(nmqxkjcx202435). （nmqxkjcx202435）
