植物营养与肥料学报2025，Vol.31Issue(3)：458-469,12.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2024408
鸡粪有机肥配施生物炭提高雷竹林土壤肥力和竹笋产量品质
Combined application of chicken manure and biochar improves soil fertility and bamboo shoot yield and quality of Phyllostachys violascens 'Prevernalis' forests
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]We investigated the effects of combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers with different doses of biochar on soil physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,and bamboo shoot yield and quality in Lei bamboo forests,in order to provide theoretical and technical support for scientific and efficient management of Phyllostachys violascens ʻPrevernalisʼ forests.[Methods]The experiment was conducted in a Lei bamboo forest in Huzhou City,Zhejiang Province.Chicken manure-based organic fertilizer 22500 kg/hm2 were only applied as the control plot(CK).Based on this,three biochar application gradients were set,1500 kg/hm2(T1),3000 kg/hm2(T2),and 4500 kg/hm2(T3).Biochar was incorporated into the 20-25 cm soil layer during tillage in June 2022 and 2023.Soil samples were collected in February 2024 to analyze soil physicochemical properties and six enzyme activities related to carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus cycling.Bamboo shoot yield was recorded,and protein and flavonoid contents in bamboo shoots were analyzed.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to evaluate the contribution of soil properties to variations in bamboo shoot yield and quality,and comprehensive scores for different treatments were calculated.[Results]Compared with the CK without biochar application,T2 and T3 significantly increased soil total porosity,aeration,pH,organic carbon(SOC),total phosphorus(TP),nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N),ammonium nitrogen(NH4+-N),available nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP),and available potassium(AK)contents in the 0-20 cm soil layer.They also significantly enhanced acid phosphatase(ACP)activity in the 0-20 cm soil layer and catalase(CAT)and sucrase(SC)activities in the 0-40 cm soil layer.Furthermore,bamboo shoot yield increased by 17.76％and 67.87％in T2 and T3,respectively.Compared with CK,bamboo shoot protein content increased significantly by 7.42％to 7.79％,total flavonoid content increased by 10.12％to 20.13％,and cellulose content decreased by 3.6％to 11.23％in T1,T2,and T3 treatments,which improved the nutritional quality and palatability of bamboo shoots.Correlation analysis showed that soil total porosity,pH and available phosphorus content had the most significant positive correlations with bamboo shoot yield and quality indicators.Soil aeration,catalase,urease,and acid phosphatase activities were also significantly correlated with yield and different quality indicators,serving as major factors influencing bamboo shoot yield,nutritional quality,and palatability.The comprehensive evaluation scores for the four treatments were CK(0.257)<T1(0.443)<T2(0.513)<T3(0.716).[Conclusions]Annual application of 3000 to 4500 kg/hm2 of biochar in combination with chicken manure-based organic fertilizer significantly improved soil total porosity,aeration,pH,and available nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium nutrient contents in the 0-20 cm soil layer,as well as catalase and invertase activities,thereby significantly increasing bamboo shoot yield and nutritional quality and improving palatability.Considering soil quality,bamboo shoot yield and quality,and economic benefits in Phyllostachys violascens ʻPrevernalisʼ forests,the application of 4500 kg/hm2 of biochar yielded the best results in terms of increasing yield and efficiency.However,the optimal continuous application rate of biochar requires further monitoring.关键词
雷竹/生物炭/土壤理化性质/土壤酶活性/竹笋产量/竹笋品质Key words
Phyllostachys violascens‘Prevernalis’/biochar/soil physicochemical property/soil enzymatic activity/bamboo shoot yield/bamboo shoot quality引用本文复制引用
赵建诚,杨振亚,王波,倪惠菁..鸡粪有机肥配施生物炭提高雷竹林土壤肥力和竹笋产量品质[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2025,31(3):458-469,12.基金项目
浙江省省属科研院所扶持专项(2023F1068-1) （2023F1068-1）
国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFD2201203). （2023YFD2201203）
