表面技术2025，Vol.54Issue(7)：68-78,11.DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.07.005
环境温度对列车制动界面摩擦磨损及振动噪声的影响
Effect of Environmental Temperature on Friction,Wear,Vibration and Noise at Braking Interface of Trains
摘要
Abstract
Railway lines spanning a wide range of geographical latitudes,especially those operating under extreme weather conditions,face severe challenges.When trains operate in such environments,they need to adapt to various complex terrains and climate conditions,while dealing with significant changes in the tribological behavior of the train braking interface caused by environmental temperature variations.The braking system of a train is a key component that ensures its safe operation,and its performance directly affects the braking effect and driving safety of the train.As the train runs across a wide range of geographical latitudes,different environmental temperature can lead to significant changes in the physical properties of brake discs and friction blocks,thus affecting the friction,wear,vibration and noise characteristics of the braking interface.To investigate the impact of environmental temperature on friction,wear,vibration and noise of the train braking interface,as well as its mechanism,a series of experiments were conducted on a train braking performance simulation test bed with controllable environmental temperature.With environmental temperature as a variable,braking tests were performed under 20℃,0℃,-20℃,and-40℃.At each temperature,50 repeated braking tests were carried out to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data.During the experiments,various signals,such as vibration acceleration,noise,temperature,braking force,and braking torque were collected and analyzed in detail.The surface morphology of the friction block and the debris particles falling out of the braking interface were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and optical microscopy(OM)to understand the microstructure and wear condition of the friction interface.Simultaneously,the friction blocks were weighed before and after the experiments to assess their wear rate.The experimental results showed that as the environmental temperature decreased,the RMS values of tangential vibration acceleration and noise sound pressure at the braking interface increased significantly.Under-40℃,the tangential vibration acceleration reached 937.0 m/s²,and the noise sound pressure reached 34.0 Pa,significantly higher than the 578.6 m/s² and 24.4 Pa at 20℃.Additionally,the friction coefficient also showed a downward trend,decreasing from 0.50 at 20℃to 0.44 at-40℃.Meanwhile,the wear rate also decreased significantly,from 111.0 μg/s at 20℃to 54.8 μg/s at-40℃,almost half of the original value.These experimental results indicate that during the braking process,as the environmental temperature decreases,the brittleness of the brake disc and friction block materials increases,making them more prone to fragmentation and generating large debris particles under friction.These large debris particles affect the formation and distribution of the third body at the friction interface,affecting the distribution of contact plateaus on the friction block surface.This ultimately impacts the friction,wear,vibration,and noise characteristics of the braking interface,and the vibration of the interface further affects the friction and wear characteristics,forming a cycle.Therefore,in practical applications,it is necessary to optimize the design and adjustment of the train braking system for different environmental temperature conditions to ensure that the train maintains good braking performance and driving safety under various climatic conditions.关键词
环境温度/制动系统/停车制动/摩擦磨损/摩擦振动噪声Key words
environmental temperature/braking system/parking brake/friction and wear/friction-induced vibration and noise分类
机械制造引用本文复制引用
冯双喜,余洲,张棋翔,唐斌,莫继良,金文伟,朱松..环境温度对列车制动界面摩擦磨损及振动噪声的影响[J].表面技术,2025,54(7):68-78,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(U22A20181、52205188) （U22A20181、52205188）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2682024CG008) （2682024CG008）
中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所资助项目(Z2022-0004) The National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20181,52205188) （Z2022-0004）
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2682024CG008) （2682024CG008）
the Technological Projects from CRCC Qishuyan Institute Co.,LTD(Z2022-0004) （Z2022-0004）
