贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(3)：10-16,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.03.002
不同采收方式对上部烟叶变黄失水规律及品质的影响
Effects of Different Harvesting Methods on Yellowing and Dehydration Patterns and Quality of Upper Tobacco Leaves
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The effects of one-off cutting with stems on the physico-chemical and quality indicators of upper tobacco leaves were explored to provide the theoretical basis for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves.[Method]The water content,pigment content,physico-chemical quality,sensory quality and economic traits of Yunyan 87 under one-off cutting with stems and one-off harvesting were determined to analyze the effects of different harvesting methods on the yellowing and dehydration patterns and quality of different positions of upper tobacco leaves.[Result]Compared to one-off harvesting,one-off cutting with stems could delay the moisture loss of upper tobacco leaves,promote the decomposition of chlorophyll and carotenoids.The length and width of tobacco leaves were lower than those of one-off harvesting,and single-leaf weight and leaf density were significantly(P＜0.05)lower than those of one-off harvesting.The superior-class proportion and average price of upper tobacco leaf were higher than those of one-off harvesting.Compared with one-off harvesting,the starch content of cured top-three leaves and bottom-three leaves under one-off cutting with stems reduced significantly by 2.45 percentage points and 2.61 percentage points,total nitrogen content decreased significantly by 0.19 percentage points and 0.16 percentage points,total sugar content increased significantly by 2.82 percentage points and 2.36 percentage points,reducing sugar increased significantly by 1.73 percentage points and 2.51 percentage points.The sugar-nicotine ratio and K/Cl ratio were significantly(P＜0.05)higher than those of one-off harvesting.The aroma quality,aroma quantity,taste,offensive odor and irritation of upper tobacco leaf were better than those of one-off harvesting.[Conclusion]One-off cutting with stems of upper tobacco leaves is beneficial to coordinating the yellowing and dehydration of tobacco leaves,promoting the decomposition of pigments,starch and other macromolecules and increasing the content of sugars.Considering the sensory quality and economic benefit,it is recommended to one-off cutting with stems in practical production.关键词
上部烟叶/一次性带茎砍烤/一次性采烤/变黄失水/品质性状/经济效益Key words
upper tobacco leaves/one-off cutting with stems/one-off harvesting/yellowing and dehydration/quality traits/economic benefit分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李冠辉,张学昆,许本波,袁修堂,韦克苏,韦斌,方正华,陈丽萍,郑华,高正锋,武圣江,赵宇航,焦剑..不同采收方式对上部烟叶变黄失水规律及品质的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(3):10-16,7.基金项目
中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目(2021XM24,2022XM17) （2021XM24,2022XM17）
福建中烟科技项目[闽烟工合同(技术合作)[2021]9号] （技术合作）
贵州省烟草科学研究院科技项目(GZYKY2021-09) （GZYKY2021-09）
