贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(3)：55-66,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.03.008
2000-2024年山东省审定大豆品种主要性状的演变趋势研究
Study on Evolution Trend of Main Traits of Approved Soybean Varieties in Shandong Province from 2000 to 2024
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The evolution rules of main traits of soybean varieties approved in Shandong Province were analyzed to provide the references for the cultivation of new soybean varieties with high yield,high quality and stress resistance and the high-quality development of soybean seed industry.[Method]The evolution process of parental utilization,main agronomic traits,yield,quality and disease resistance of soybean varieties approved in Shandong Province from 2000 to 2024 were analyzed.[Result]From 2000 to 2024,a total of 122 common grain soybean varieties were approved in Shandong Province,exhibiting a trend of initial stability followed by a surge in variety count.Breeding methods had increasingly become simplified,focusing on hybrid breeding,with the breeding subjects shifting from scientific research institutes to a combination of private enterprises and research institutions.Qihuang 34,Zhonghuang 13 and Hedou 12 were superior parental lines in soybean breeding in Shandong Province.During this period,the growth period of soybean varieties approved in Shandong Province ranged from 95.0 to 109.0 days,with a plant height of 56.4 to 110 cm,0.7 to 3.6 effective branches,12.1 to 20.1 main stem nodes,52.0 to 128.0 grains per plant,and a 100-seed weight of 15.7 to 30.3 g.Over the breeding process,the number of effective branches and main stem nodes stabilized gradually,while plant height decreased,and the growth period,grains per plant,and 100-seed weight gradually increased.The yield in soybean regional trials ranged from 2 574.0 to 3 982.5 kg/hm2,while the yield in production trials was from 2 507.4 to 3 783.0 kg/hm2,demonstrating a continuous increase in yield.The protein content of soybeans varied from 34.7%to 47.3%,while the fat content ranged from 16.9%to 23.1%.Notably,the protein content consistently increased,whereas the fat content showed minimal improvement.The proportion of soybeans exhibiting moderate resistance or high resistance to mosaic virus 3 and mosaic virus 7 increased,while those susceptible or moderately susceptible to these viruses decreased,leading to an overall enhancement in resistance to mosaic viruses.[Conclusion]From 2000 to 2024,the yield and protein content of soybean varieties approved in Shandong Province gradually increase,while the fat content has no significant improvement.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the utilization of high-oil soybean germplasm resources and accelerate the breeding of high-oil soybean varieties to ensure the safe development of soybean seed industry and soybean industry in China including Shandong Province.关键词
大豆/杂交育种/蛋白质/脂肪/产量/农艺性状/抗病性/山东Key words
soybean/cross breeding/protein/fat/yield/agronomic traits/disease resistance/Shandong分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张锋,高法振,张中起,李昆仑,吕令华,刘磊,李品,王连祥..2000-2024年山东省审定大豆品种主要性状的演变趋势研究[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(3):55-66,12.基金项目
山东省中医药科技发展计划项目(2019-0585) （2019-0585）
山东省蔬菜产业技术体系"菏泽综合试验站"(SDAIT-05-26) （SDAIT-05-26）
山东省生态农业技术体系"菏泽综合试验站"(SDAIT-30-13) （SDAIT-30-13）
