极地研究2025，Vol.37Issue(1)：137-148,12.DOI:10.13679/j.jdyj.20230049
抗冻蛋白冰结合位点特征及其研究综述
Review of characteristics of Ice-binding sites of antifreeze proteins
摘要
Abstract
Ice-binding sites represent critical regions in antifreeze proteins that interact with ice crystals,playing a pivotal role in their antifreeze function.They are essential for unraveling the regulatory roles and mecha-nisms of antifreeze proteins in ice crystal nucleation.This paper first introduces several models of antifreeze protein-ice binding,and then selects antifreeze proteins from animal,plant,and microbial sources to analyze their ice-binding sites amino acid sequences and structural characteristics.The results show that most anti-freeze protein ice-binding sites have one or more repeated amino acid sequences that bind to ice crystals,and these amino acids are generally hydrophobic or have small hydrophilic groups and no long side chains,making the ice-binding sites relatively hydrophobic and flat.Generally speaking,the ice-binding site struc-ture of the same type of antifreeze protein is similar.The amino acid sequence of AFP I's ice-binding site is TAA(A),whereas Ca2+-dependent AFP II's ice-binding site is"DTTLTE",and the ice-binding site of insect antifreeze proteins is generally composed of a"TXT"sequence.However,the amino acid sequence and structural characteristics of the ice-binding sites of antifreeze proteins from microbial sources may vary greatly due to species differences.Finally,two methods for identifying ice-binding sites are summarized.Typically,site-directed mutagenesis of amino acids serves as the primary approach for ice-binding site iden-tification,with molecular simulations serving as auxiliary means to validate the effects of amino acid muta-tions.This review summarizes the patterns of ice-binding sites for different types of antifreeze proteins,providing a reference for comparative studies of antifreeze protein ice-binding sites and analysis of anti-freeze mechanisms.关键词
抗冻蛋白/冰结合位点/氨基酸突变/分子模拟/热滞活性Key words
antifreeze protein/ice-binding site/amino acid mutation/molecular simulation/thermal hys-teresis activity引用本文复制引用
杨如意,廖丽,胥义..抗冻蛋白冰结合位点特征及其研究综述[J].极地研究,2025,37(1):137-148,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(52076140)、国家自然科学基金(41976224)和国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2807501)资助 （52076140）
