核农学报2025，Vol.39Issue(5)：1030-1039,10.DOI:10.11869/j.issn.1000-8551.2025.05.1030
苹果果实及果柄力学性质研究
Mechanical Properties of Apple Fruit and Fruit Stem
摘要
Abstract
In order to obtain the basic mechanical properties parameters of apple fruit and fruit stem,the puncture mechanical parameters of different parts of Granny Smith,Luochuan Fuji,Linyi Fuji,and Huaguan apple,as well as the stem tensile and stem shear mechanical parameters were measured using the biomechanical tester.The critical torque of separating the apple from the branch was obtained using a self-made torsion device.The maximum tensile force of the stem was measured using a digital tension meter in orchards.The static and dynamic friction coefficients of apple with different materials were tested by friction test device.The results indicated that there were significant differences in the actual transverse diameter and weight of apples from different varieties.The distribution of transverse diameter was basically consistent with the normal distribution.There were significant differences in the puncture mechanical properties of apples between varieties and puncture sites.The maximum puncture force from large to small was the bottom,the top,and the equator,indicating that the apple was not isotropic.The maximum tensile force and the tensile stress increased with the increase of the tensile speed.The maximum tensile force measured by laboratory and field tensile tests was 30.95 and 30.03 N,respectively.And the location of the tensile fracture of stem was obtained through the experiment.The shear force range of the middle part and the upper part of stem was 43.44-81.61 and 46.18-103.87 N,respectively.The maximum torque of Fuji and Huaguan apple was 0.373 and 0.364 N·m,respectively.The static friction coefficients of apple equator with silica gel,stainless steel,organic glass and rubber are 1.000,0.332,0.696 and 1.026,respectively.The research results provide basic parameters for the research of intelligent apple picking machinery and related machinery.关键词
苹果穿刺/果柄拉伸/果柄剪切/果柄扭转/摩擦系数Key words
apple puncture/stem tensile/stem shearing/stem torsion/friction coefficient引用本文复制引用
孙静鑫,冯慧敏,许宝卉,邱述金,郭玉明..苹果果实及果柄力学性质研究[J].核农学报,2025,39(5):1030-1039,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52305268),山西省基础研究计划(自由探索类)青年项目(20210302124521),运城学院优秀博士来晋科研项目(QZX-2020007),运城学院博士科研启动项目(YQ-2023060) （52305268）
