气象与环境学报2025，Vol.41Issue(1)：13-21,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2025.01.002
北京城市形态格局组成及气候舒适度响应特征
Composition of urban morphology and its relationship with climate comfort index in Beijing
摘要
Abstract
The composition of urban morphology has a significant impact on local meteorological conditions and urban living environment.Based on the local climate zones(LCZ)theory and the observational data of automatic weather station from 2018 to 2022,this study analyzed the composition of urban morphology and the distributions of climate comfort index and its main influencing factors in Beijing,and quantified the differences in meteorologi-cal conditions and human comfort index in different urban functional areas.The results indicate that the urban area of Beijing is composed of 10 types of building underlying surfaces and 6 types of natural underlying surfaces,and the building underlying surfaces account for 52.0%of the total area,among which the open mid-rise buildings(LCZ 5)has the greatest contribution and the low regatation area(LCZ-D)has the widest distribution in the nat-ural surface type.The main factors affecting climate comfort index,such as air temperature,relative humidity,and wind speed,vary significantly across different LCZ underlying surfaces.In general,the climate comfort index is characterized by"comfortable","hot","comfortable",and"freezing cold"in spring,summer,autumn,and win-ter,respectively.Due to the physical properties of building underlying surfaces and the impact of human heat emis-sions,urban central areas have better climate comfort index in spring,autumn,and winter,while it is opposite in summer.There is a proportion of 32.5%to 38.2%in the total time for human body feeling"comfortable"on va-rious LCZ underlying surfaces,among which ranking in descending order as LCZ-A,LCZ-B,LCZ-G,LCZ-D,LCZ 7,LCZ 6,LCZ 5,LCZ 8,LCZ 4,LCZ-E,LCZ 3,LCZ 1,and LCZ 2.The climate comfort index is better on natural underlying surfaces than building underlying surfaces,and better on open building underlying surfaces than dense building underlying surfaces,also better for high-rise buildings than medium and low rise buildings.关键词
气候舒适度/城市形态格局/局地气候分区/时空分异性Key words
Climate comfort index/Urban morphology/Local climate zones/Spatiotemporal anisotropy分类
大气科学引用本文复制引用
郑祚芳,高华,王耀庭..北京城市形态格局组成及气候舒适度响应特征[J].气象与环境学报,2025,41(1):13-21,9.基金项目
北京市自然科学基金(8202022)和国家自然科学基金(42171337)共同资助. （8202022）
