气象与环境学报2025，Vol.41Issue(1)：58-65,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2025.01.007
基于机器学习的北京供暖季气温预报误差订正
Bias correction of heating season temperature forecasts based on Machine Learning in Beijing
摘要
Abstract
Based on the European Centre for meaium-Range Weather forecasts(ECMWF)model with a horizontal resolution of 0.1°×0.1°and the observation data from 20 national automatic weather sites in Beijing from July 1,2019 to March 15,2024,the characteristics of the model for 2 m temperature bias forecasted by ECMWF model during the historical heating season were analyzed.Extreme random forest,decision tree,gradient boosting tree,lin-ear regression,and Lasso regression methods were used to correct the 2 m temperature forecasts from ECMWF model.The results show that the overall 2 m temperature forecast during the historical heating season in 2019-2023 in the urban area of Beijing by ECMWF is low,with the largest bias occurring in the afternoon and with the aver-age bias of-2.3℃.While the 2 m temperature forecast in the suburban area is low in the morning and high in the afternoon,with the largest positive and negative bias occurring at 07:00 and 16:00,being 1.7℃and-2.2℃,respectively.After the correction by machine learning method,the mean bias and root mean square error of urban and suburban sites in Beijing in the 2023 heating season(from November 7,2023 to March 15,2024)are significantly decreased,in which the correction effect of the extreme random forest is the best,and the improvement rates of root mean square error in the urban and suburban areas are 24.2%and 35.4%.After the correction by machine learning method,the accuracy of daily mean temperature forecast bias within±0.5℃,±1.0℃and±2.0℃at 9 sites in urban area of Beijing in the 2023 heating season is significantly improved,with the maxi-mum improvement rates of 31%,44%and 40%,respectively,and the extreme random forest and decision tree have the best performance.关键词
机器学习/供暖季气温/ECMWF模式/订正Key words
Machine learning/Heating season temperatures/ECMWF model/Correction分类
大气科学引用本文复制引用
张艳晴,金晨曦,闵晶晶,韩超,董颜,齐晨..基于机器学习的北京供暖季气温预报误差订正[J].气象与环境学报,2025,41(1):58-65,8.基金项目
北京市科技计划项目(Z231100003823003)和北京市科技计划课题(Z211100004321002)资助. （Z231100003823003）
