水土保持学报2025，Vol.39Issue(2)：250-259,10.DOI:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.02.039
绿肥间作对渭北果园土壤水分、养分及苹果产量的影响
Effects of Green Manure Intercropping on Soil Moisture,Nutrients,and Apple Yield in a Weibei Apple Orchard
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]We conducted a field experiment to investigate the effects of intercropping green manure crops and their combination with ground fabric mulching on soil moisture,fertility,and apple yield.[Methods]The main treatments included intercropping ryegrass(NGR),oilseed rape(NGO),and alfalfa(NGA),the sub-treatments included combining these intercropping modes with mulching ground fabric under apple trees(GR/GO/GA),and the control treatment was traditional clean tillage(CK).Additionally,15N labeled microplots were set up within the main and control treatments.The responses of soil moisture,nutrients,and fruit yield were explored under the apple-green manure intercropping system.[Results]All treatments reduced soil water content(SWC)compared to CK,among which the decreasing range of GR(1.7%)was the smallest.Soil water difference ratio(SWDR)in the main treatments were all negative,among which NGR and NGA had the smallest(0.5%)and largest(4.7%)absolute value,respectively.All treatments increased evapotranspiration(ET)compared to CK,among which the increasing range of GR(0.3%)was the smallest.All treatments reduced soil nitrate-nitrogen(SNN)content,compared to CK.Compared to the sub-treatments,SNN and soil ammonium-nitrogen(SAN)contents in the main treatments increased by 6.8%and 5.4%on average.Intercropping green manure(NGR,NGO,and NGA)reduced 15N loss by an average of 56.4%(p<0.05),compared to CK,with alfalfa and ryegrass showing the highest(39.4%)and lowest(19.7%)15N utilization efficiency,respectively.Compared to CK,ryegrass intercropping treatments(NGR and GR)increased SOM and TN contents by an average of 1.5%and 0.2%,respectively.In contrast,alfalfa(NGA and GA)intercropping treatments decreased SOM and TN contents by an average of 15.2%and 15.4%,compared to CK.Ryegrass intercropping treatments(NGR and GR)showed the highest fruit yield and water use efficiency,with an average increase of 12.1%in yield and 8.8%in water use efficiency,compared to CK(p<0.05).[Conclusion]Adopting the binary mulching pattern(ground fabric mulching under apple trees+ryegrass intercropping between rows)is beneficial to decreasing water consumption,nutrient loss,and increasing fruit yield and water use efficiency.关键词
二元覆盖/种间互作/15N同位素示踪/苹果园Key words
binary mulching/interspecific interaction/15N isotope tracer/apple orchard分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
梁青,张体彬,程煜,高伟强,邝雨欣,冯浩..绿肥间作对渭北果园土壤水分、养分及苹果产量的影响[J].水土保持学报,2025,39(2):250-259,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900700) （2021YFD1900700）
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-ZDLNY-53) （2023-ZDLNY-53）
陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2022PT-23) （2022PT-23）
中国科学院"西部之光"项目(XAB2022YW04) （XAB2022YW04）
