灌溉排水学报2025，Vol.44Issue(4)：15-23,9.DOI:10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024301
生物炭用量、灌水量和施氮量对华北地区滴灌冬小麦产量及水氮利用的影响
Impact of biochar,irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on yield and resource use efficiency of drip-irrigated winter wheat in Northern China
摘要
Abstract
[Background]Agricultural production in Northern China faces two major challenges:water scarcity and low fertilizer efficiency.Improving management practices to enhance water and nitrogen use efficiency is therefore crucial for developing sustainable agriculture in this region.This study investigates how biochar application,irrigation,and nitrogen fertilization can be optimized to improve crop growth and yield.[Method]A field experiment using a three-factor,three-level orthogonal design was conducted in a winter wheat field from 2021 to 2022.The experiment included three biochar application rates(0,12.5,and 25 t/hm2),three irrigation treatments(75%,100%,and 125%of evapotranspiration),and three nitrogen application levels(120,180,and 240 kg/hm2).During the experiment,we measured grain yield,water use efficiency(WUE),and nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)of the crop.[Result]Biochar application had an insignificant effect on water consumption,nitrogen accumulation,grain yield,WUE,and NUE.Irrigation levels did not significantly affect grain yield;however,increasing irrigation increased water consumption and decreased WUE,though these effects were not statistically significant.Increasing nitrogen fertilization significantly enhanced grain yield and nitrogen accumulation but reduced NUE.Statistical analysis indicated that nitrogen application was the primary factor affecting grain yield,nitrogen accumulation,and NUE,whereas irrigation and biochar application had no significant impact on these traits.[Conclusion]Irrigating at 75%of evapotranspiration did not reduce grain yield and resulted in the highest WUE.Due to high precipitation during the experiment,however,the optimal management strategy for winter wheat under drip irrigation in this study was 0 t/hm2 of biochar,100%of evapotranspiration for irrigation,and 240 kg/hm2 of nitrogen fertilization.关键词
生物炭/灌水/施氮/冬小麦/水氮利用效率Key words
biochar/irrigation/nitrogen application/winter wheat/water and nitrogen utilization efficiency分类
农业工程引用本文复制引用
秦京涛,吕谋超,李浩,张文正,田桂林..生物炭用量、灌水量和施氮量对华北地区滴灌冬小麦产量及水氮利用的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(4):15-23,9.基金项目
河南省重点研发与推广专项-科技攻关项目(222102110022) （222102110022）
