兰州大学学报（医学版）2025，Vol.51Issue(3)：74-80,7.DOI:10.13885/j.issn.1000-2812.2025.03.010
甘肃省典型地区中小学生近视流行病学特征及影响因素分析
Epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of myopia among primary and secondary school students in typical areas of Gansu Province
摘要
Abstract
Objective To analyze the myopia status of primary and secondary school students in typical areas of Gansu Province and its influencing factors,evidence support for the development of differentiated myopia prevention and control strategies.Methods Use of stratified cluster sampling method,Pingliang City,Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture were selected as typical representative areas from Gansu Province,and a total of 9 773 students in grades 4-6 of elementary,junior high and senior high school were subjected to visual acuity examination and questionnaire survey χ2 test and multifactor Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of myopia.Results The total myopia rate of the 9 773 elementary and middle school students was 72.0%,and those of elementary and middle school students in Pingliang,Ganna,and Linxia were 79.7%,67.5%,and 67.6%,respectively.The myopia rates of primary,secondary,general high and vocational high school students were 66.5%,68.9%,83.8%and 75.0%,respectively.In the multi-ethnic analysis,the myopia rates for Han,Tibetans and Hui were 72.9%,63.5%,and 73.8%,respectively.Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that female students,senior high school students,using mobile electronic devices for more than 1.5 h a week,resting the eyes once for more than 2 h,father's myopia,mother's myopia,and both parent's myopia were the significant risk factors for the occurrence of myopia among primary and secondary school students from the three regions,with OR[95%CI]of 1.497[1.364,1.644],2.556[2.134,3.061],1.159[1.050,1.279],1.495[1.303,1.716],1.825[1.594,2.152],2.161[1.846,2.530],and 3.777[2.968,4.807],respectively;always having the eyes more than 30 cm away from the book when reading or writing,and sleeping time>7 h per day were protective factors against the occurrence of myopia among primary and secondary school students from the three regions,and primary and secondary school students of Gannan and Linxia have a lower risk of myopia,with OR[95%CI]of 0.776[0.695,0.866],0.708[0.613,0.818],0.643[0.563,0.735]and 0.506[0.444,0.577],respectively(all P<0.05).Conclusion Primary and secondary school students of Gansu Province have a high rate of myopia,myopia prevention and control should focus on girls,high school students and students with myopic parents.关键词
近视/中小学生/影响因素/综合防控/屏幕暴露Key words
myopia/primary and secondary school students/influencing factor/integrated prevention and con-trol/screen exposure分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
贺诗淇,李盛,李普,王金玉..甘肃省典型地区中小学生近视流行病学特征及影响因素分析[J].兰州大学学报（医学版）,2025,51(3):74-80,7.基金项目
甘肃省重点研发资助项目(23YFFA0003) （23YFFA0003）
兰州市人才创新创业资助项目(2023-RC-30,2021-RC-95) （2023-RC-30,2021-RC-95）
