煤田地质与勘探2025，Vol.53Issue(4)：106-118,13.DOI:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.25.01.0052
煤系锂及锂同位素研究进展
Advances in research on lithium in coal-bearing strata and its isotopes
摘要
Abstract
[Significance]Lithium serves as a significant strategic metal in emerging industries,and lithium isotopes have become crucial geochemical tracers due to their pronounced mass-dependent fractionation effects.Therefore,lithi-um minerals in coal-bearing strata have emerged as a priority in recent exploration of strategic metallic mineral re-sources.Investigating the isotopic composition and variation of lithium in coal-bearing strata helps reveal the sources,migration,and enrichment process of lithium while also providing a theoretical basis for lithium exploration and exploit-ation in coal-bearing strata.[Advances]This study offers a summary of advances in research on lithium in coal-bearing strata and its isotopes from three aspects:(1)the general characteristics of lithium;(2)the isotopic composition and frac-tionation mechanisms of lithium,and(3)the test methods,extraction,and separation of lithium,as well as techniques for the tests and analysis of lithium isotopes.The results indicate that lithium is extensively distributed in the mantle and crust,exhibiting strong activity with fluids.Two stable natural isotopes of lithium(i.e.,6Li and 7Li)exhibit significant fractionation effects due to their differences in the diffusion rate and relative mass,establishing them as critical geo-chemical tracers.Lithium minerals in coal-bearing strata in China are primarily distributed in the Carboniferous to Per-mian strata in North China and the Late Permian strata in South China.Lithium element occurs principally in secondary clay minerals,with its enrichment jointly influenced by multiple factors like sedimentary diagenesis,microbial activity,tectonism,magmatic-hydrothermal activity,and groundwater migration.The isotopic fractionation of lithium in coal-bearing strata is primarily affected by factors including temperature,weathering,metamorphism,and the formation of secondary clay minerals.The methods for determining lithium content in samples from coal-bearing strata have been rel-atively mature,and high-precision techniques for lithium isotope tests have offered a possibility for the extensive applic-ation of lithium isotopes.Multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(MC-ICP-MS)has been prelim-inarily employed to investigate the mechanisms behind the isotopic fractionation of lithium in coal-bearing strata,where-as in-situ microanalytical techniques for lithium isotopes in samples from these strata remain in the exploratory stage.The complex compositions and structures of lithium carriers in coal-bearing strata highlight an urgent need to develop standard samples and test criteria for in-situ analysis of lithium isotopes from coal-bearing strata.To separate and ex-tract lithium resources in these strata,the key is to enhance leaching efficiency and perform purification and recovery of lithium from leachate.[Prospects]Current studies on lithium in coal-bearing strata suffer from several limitations,in-cluding a limited understanding of the isotopic fractionation mechanisms,the presence of mass discrimination effects of test methods,a lack of standard samples for in-situ analysis,and limited validation through simulation experiments.The trends in research on lithium in coal-bearing strata and its isotopes will focus on the dynamic migration processes and enrichment mechanisms of lithium in coal-bearing strata,the develop of high-precision techniques for the tests and ana-lysis of lithium isotopes,the coupling mechanisms between lithium isotopic fractionation and the sedimentary and thermal evolution processes,and the separation,extraction,and recovery of lithium resources in coal-bearing strata.关键词
锂/锂同位素/含煤地层/元素迁移/分馏机制Key words
lithium/lithium isotope/coal-bearing strata/element migration/fractionation mechanism分类
地质学引用本文复制引用
张昀,魏迎春,曹代勇,李新,靳亮亮,董博,王鑫..煤系锂及锂同位素研究进展[J].煤田地质与勘探,2025,53(4):106-118,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(42472231,42372187) （42472231,42372187）
宁夏2023年地质事业发展专项项目(640000233000000011005) （640000233000000011005）
