煤田地质与勘探2025，Vol.53Issue(4)：119-127,9.DOI:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.25.01.0047
青海木里矿区四号井生态地质修复与效果
Measures and effects of eco-geological restoration in well No.4 in the Muli mining area,Qinghai Province,China
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The Muli mining area,located in the hinterland of the Qilian Mountains,Qinghai Province,serves as the source of the Datong River-a major tributary of the Yellow River.This area falls within the alpine perma-frost region,exhibiting a sensitive,fragile ecosystem.In the early 21st century,disordered coal mining in this area has caused ecological damage.This has notably posed four challenges in the ecological restoration of well No.4 in this area:(1)high,steep,and unstable slopes of spoil heaps;(2)a large volume of water accumulating in mining pits;(3)perma-frost excavation and destruction,and(4)land occupation and meadow destruction by spoil.[Methods]This study simu-lated the geological structure and properties of original strata from the perspective of geological restoration.Accord-ingly,it constructed eco-geological layers and performed reconstruction and restoration for varying geobodies.Multiple measures for eco-geological restoration were adopted in well No.4,including(1)roof cutting and unloading of the south-ern spoil heap from the middle part at the rear of its landslide;(2)constructing a hard base layer of soils on the surface of spoil heaps;(3)cleaning the slopes of mining pit wall and shaping them into steps or platforms;(4)backfilling and per-mafrost restoration at the bottom of the eastern part of the mining pit;(5)converting water accumulating in the western part of the mining pit into a plateau lake,and(6)introducing artificial soil layers and grass mulching on slopes of spoil heaps and mining pits.These measures have collectively reshaped the post-mining terrain and geomorphology of well No.4.[Results and Conclusions]The treatment of well No.4 in the Muli mining area involved an area of 16.703 1 mil-lion m²,a cumulative backfilling volume of spoil reaching 9.160 3 million m³,and a grass mulching area of 2.968 mil-lion m².After three years of dedicated ecological restoration,the spoil heaps in well No.4 generally remain stable.The artificial soils,created using spoil,contribute to the vigorous natural growth of grass species and high-quality surface water.This treatment has created a new plateau landscape where the topography,geomorphology,and ecological envir-onment of well No.4 are harmoniously integrated with the surrounding environment.The treatment method and achieved effects of this study offer successful experience and references for both the protection of ecological barriers in alpine re-gions and ecological restoration in other areas.关键词
生态环境修复/生态地质层/高原高寒地区/不稳定边坡/冻土层构建/土壤重构Key words
ecological restoration/eco-geological layer/alpine region on a plateau/unstable slope/permafrost layer con-struction/soil reconstruction分类
矿山工程引用本文复制引用
赵欣,王佟,王伟超,李聪聪,李飞,蒋志坤,李津..青海木里矿区四号井生态地质修复与效果[J].煤田地质与勘探,2025,53(4):119-127,9.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201605) （2021YFC3201605）
