农业工程学报2025，Vol.41Issue(6)：80-88,9.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202408014
导鱼墩对鱼道进口水力特性及诱鱼效果的影响
Influence of fish guide piers on the hydraulic characteristics and fish attracting effect of fishway entrance
摘要
Abstract
The fishway entrance is often located near the tailrace of a power station.The operating parameters and entrance configuration can dominate the fish behavior to find the entrance and then enter the fishway.This study aims to explore the influence of the fish guide piers on the hydraulic characteristics and fishing attracting of fishway entrance.An example was taken as the fishway entrance near the tailrace of a hydropower project.Multiple fish guide piers were then arranged near the entrance.The three-dimensional hydrodynamic and physical models were established with a normal scale of 1:25;A series of tests were carried out on a total of 12 operating conditions.Among them,there were the two combinations of power station parameters,three spacings of fish-guide piers,and two angles of fish-guide piers in place.A control group was set as two types of power station operating conditions without the fish-guide piers.The possibility of fish was improved to find the entrance and then enter the inner fishway.The test results show that the flow pattern near the inlet was significantly improved after the installation of fish guide piers near the tailwater outlet of the power station.There was the weakening influence of the tailwater of the power station on the inlet of the fish attracting water flow.The fish attracting water flow was easy to be recognized by the fish.Without the fish guide piers,there was the large eddy under two kinds of power station operating conditions,leading to the serious impact on the upstreaming of fish;Fish guide pier backwater was formed less than 0.2 m/s flow velocity area,providing for the fish upstream in a rest area.The strength was accumulated to continue the upstream.The average upstream success rates were improved by from 11.2 to 32.5 percental points for the one-unit operation,and from 8.1 to 35.6 percental points for the two-unit operation with the fish guide piers in place,compared with the without ones.The better performance of fish attracting was achieved in 1)the fish guide piers placed in the same way under the operation of two power station units;2)the same operation of power station units in the given angle of fish guide piers and the relative spacing of 5;3)the given relative spacing of fish guide piers and the angle of 60°.The finding can also provide an important reference to optimize the fish passage inlet near the tailwater outlet of the power station.关键词
渔业/鱼道进口/导鱼墩/水力特性/诱鱼效果Key words
fisheries/fishway entrance/fish guide pier/hydraulic properties/fish attracting effect分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
邓斌,谢颜武,甘茂辉,瞿超雄,蒋昌波,张家强..导鱼墩对鱼道进口水力特性及诱鱼效果的影响[J].农业工程学报,2025,41(6):80-88,9.基金项目
湖南省科技创新计划项目(2020RC3037,20hnkj019) （2020RC3037,20hnkj019）
犬木塘水库工程科技创新项目(2022430119001440). （2022430119001440）
