水利水电技术（中英文）2025，Vol.56Issue(3)：46-60,15.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.03.004
山西省不同地貌类型的极端降水时空分布变化特征
Characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution changes of extreme rainfall in different geomorphic types in Shanxi Province
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Investigating extreme rainfall patterns in the context of global climate change can aid in ecological protec-tion,climate change response,water resource management,and environmental impact assessment.[Methods]Utilizing daily precipitation data from 27 meteorological stations in Shanxi Province from 1975 to 2020,extreme precipitation events over a span of 46 years were selected.Ten extreme precipitation indices recommended by ETCCDMI were calculated.Eleven characteristic indicators,including significance level(P_value),trend Slope(Slope),Mean value(Mean_value),and Median value(Medi-an_value),were used to analyze the trends and distribution of the data.The corresponding extreme precipitation index character-istics were calculated by superimposing landform types,analyzing the intensity,distribution,and trend changes of extreme rain-fall events across different landform types,exploring the correlation between extreme rainfall and landform types,and revealing the distribution characteristics of extreme rainfall in various landform types.[Results]All sites in Shanxi Province showed a de-creasing trend in CDD,with 81％of the sites reaching significance.Except for CWD,the other eight extreme precipitation indi-ces had more sites with positive correlations,with the proportions of sites positively correlated with PRCPTOT,R10mm,Rx1day,and Rx5day reaching 74％,74％,69％,and 67％,respectively,although the overall significance was low.The spatial distribu-tion of CDD in Shanxi Province exhibited an increasing trend of reduction from south to north and west to east.Six indices,inclu-ding the Mean value of CDD,showed similar spatial distribution characteristics,gradually decreasing in a gradient from north to south.Three indices,including CV,shared similar spatial distribution characteristics,with a radiating decrease from north to south at the junction of Yangquan and Xinzhou in the southeast.The drought situation in the northern part of Shanxi Province al-leviated faster than in the southern part.There was a significant correlation between elevation in Shanxi Province and the indices CDD,CWD,PRCPTOT,R10mm,and Rx5day.CDDSlope,the Median of CWD,Ave_Year_Change,Q50 value,and the Min-imum value of Rx5day all showed significant negative correlations(-0.44,-0.41,-0.42,-0.41,-0.45),while the Slope values of PRCPTOT and R10mm showed significant positive correlations(0.46,0.45).All six indicators of SDⅡ showed signifi-cant negative correlations,indicating a significant overall impact on SDⅡ.[Conclusion]The relief amplitude of Shanxi Province had no significant correlation with the characteristic values of extreme climate indices.The distribution characteristics of extreme precipitation index characteristic indicators varied across different landform types in Shanxi Province.Indicators were more scat-tered in low-altitude hilly terraces,small undulating middle mountains,and mid-altitude hilly terraces,requiring consideration of spatial variation within these landform types regarding extreme climate indices.关键词
极端降水/特征指标/地貌类型/山西省/气候变化/生态保护/水资源/降雨Key words
extreme rainfall/characteristic index/geomorphic type/Shanxi Province/climate change/ecological protection/water resources/rainfall分类
水利科学引用本文复制引用
孙晓慧,刘国庆,唐莉..山西省不同地貌类型的极端降水时空分布变化特征[J].水利水电技术（中英文）,2025,56(3):46-60,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目"极端降雨工况下黄土梁峁采空区入渗产流规律与机理"(42307261) （42307261）
江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目"气候变化对江西省主汛期降雨极值分布影响研究"(GJJ211945) （GJJ211945）
