生态学杂志2025，Vol.44Issue(4)：1372-1381,10.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202504.001
小型水体蒸发观测和估算的研究进展
A review on the observation and estimation of evaporation over small water bodies
摘要
Abstract
Water bodies with size smaller than 1 km2 occupy 40.2％of the total area of inland water bodies.The evaporation of small water bodies is one of the important processes in inland water cycle.However,evaporation over small water bodies is either ignored in water cycle studies or estimated based on the equation of large water bodies.Actually,the driving process and controlling mechanism for evaporation over small water bodies is significantly dif-ferent from that over large water bodies.Meanwhile,there are significant technical difficulties and knowledge gaps in the observation and estimation of evaporation over small water bodies,due to the lacking of direct observation.The eddy covariance and isotopic mass balance methods are applicative to observe and estimate evaporation over small water bodies.Here,we reviewed the applications of these two methods,and focused on the difficulties and challenges.Furthermore,we evaluated the mechanisms underlying evaporation at different time scales based on the principle of conservation of energy,with emphasis on the impact of advection-entrainment process on evaporation.The technical challenges of the eddy covariance method for evaporation observation of small water bodies mainly in-clude source signal pollution in source regions and spectrum correction,while the key issue for isotopic method is the accurate quantification of kinetic fractionation factor under natural conditions.The size of signal source region of evaporation with eddy covariance observation over small water bodies is around hundreds of meters,while the iso-topic mass balance methods could be used over the whole water bodies.We concluded that evaporation over small water bodies could be observed more accurately with the combination of the two methods,which would facilitate quantifying the contribution to the regional and global water cycle.关键词
蒸发/涡度相关法/同位素质量守恒法/平流-夹卷过程Key words
evaporation/eddy covariance/isotopic mass balance/advection-entrainment process引用本文复制引用
徐敬争,李旭辉,王怡,赵若男,肖薇,谢成玉,赵佳玉,张弥,曹畅,刘寿东..小型水体蒸发观测和估算的研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2025,44(4):1372-1381,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41975143和42021004)、江苏省杰出青年基金项目(BK20220055)、江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金(前沿基础)项目(BK20220020)和江苏省"333人才"领军型人才团队项目(BRA2022023)资助. （41975143和42021004）
