石油地球物理勘探2025，Vol.60Issue(2)：467-476,10.DOI:10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.20240061
地震相约束的分频逐级融合反演方法预测薄煤层
Prediction of thin coal seams based on seismic facies-constrained fre-quency-divided and stepwise fusion inversion:A case study of coal measures source rocks in Enping Formation in Huibei Area
摘要
Abstract
The sedimentary water body of Enping Formation in Huibei Area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin is relatively shallow.It is mainly in a sedimentary environment of shallow water delta-lacustrine swamp-shore and shallow lake facies,among which the floodplain swamps of the delta plain and lacustrine swamps are the main sedimentary facies belts where coal measures source rocks develop.Peripheral drilling has confirmed that a large number of coal seams have developed in Enping Formation.The maximum thickness of a single coal seam is 4.5 m,and the minimum thickness is 0.5 m,which is far less than the minimum thickness that can be identi-fied by conventional seismic inversion.Therefore,how to predict the development scale of thin coal seams is the key to the evaluation of the coal measures source rocks in this area.Thus,based on a comprehensive analy-sis of the geological and sedimentary backgrounds of coal measures source rocks,a"three-step method"is ex-plored to achieve the prediction of thin coal seams in coal measures source rocks.Firstly,through forward mod-eling and analysis,it is confirmed that thin coal seams in different sedimentary environments all have the charac-teristics of strong amplitude seismic reflection,while sandstone and mudstone show weak amplitude characteris-tics.The root-mean-square amplitude attribute is extracted as a sensitive attribute to distinguish the develop-ment range of coal seams from that of sandstone and mudstone.Secondly,the frequency band of seismic data is broadened through high-resolution seismic processing techniques to obtain broadband seismic data,which pro-vides a high-precision data foundation for seismic inversion.Finally,by using the root-mean-square amplitude attribute,a stepwise fusion inversion method of low-,medium-,high-frequency dominant frequency bands is adopted to gradually characterize coal seams of different thicknesses.Finally,the prediction of the development range of thin coal seams in coal measures source rocks is completed.The actual application results in Block L of Huibei Area show that the predicted development range of coal seams have a relatively high degree of consis-tency with the drilling results,and this method can effectively improve inversion accuracy.关键词
薄煤层/地震正演模拟/均方根振幅属性/高分辨率处理/分频逐级融合反演方法Key words
thin coal seams/seismic forward modeling/root-mean-square amplitude attribute/high-resolution processing/frequency-divided and stepwise fusion inversion method分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
崔维,叶云飞,牛聪,王志红,郭刚,李楠..地震相约束的分频逐级融合反演方法预测薄煤层[J].石油地球物理勘探,2025,60(2):467-476,10.基金项目
本项研究受国家自然科学基金项目"南海深水区海洋电磁—地震多元立体联合油气探测机理与方法"(U23B20158)资助. （U23B20158）
