心理学报2025，Vol.57Issue(5)：762-774,13.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2025.0762
去抑制的认知神经机制:一项事件相关电位研究
The cognitive neural mechanism of deinhibition:An ERP study
摘要
Abstract
When switching flexibly between different tasks,it is necessary not only to inhibit task-irrelevant information but also to overcome the previous inhibition at the appropriate time,that is,to engage in deinhibition.Studies have focused on the deinhibition process associated with implicit cognitive inhibition.They have rarely investigated the deinhibition process related to response inhibition.Since the formation of deinhibition relies on the strong aftereffect of inhibition and response inhibition may produce a stronger aftereffect of inhibition than cognitive inhibition,the exploration of response inhibition can more clearly reveal the cognitive neural mechanism of deinhibition. A residue iteration decomposition technique was used to investigate the cognitive neural mechanisms underlying deinhibition in an adapted stop-signal task.Fifty-four Chinese students(24 males and 30 females)participated in the EEG experiment.Participants were required to judge whether to respond to the stimulus according to its color.Different button responses corresponded to different stimuli("X,""O").Participants were told to respond quickly unless a stop signal occurred.Stop signals followed approximately one-third of the stimuli.The stop signal occurred when the color of the stimulus(X/O)changed to red 200 ms after the stimulus onset.In that case,participants were instructed to withhold their response. The behavioral results showed that when the preceding trial was a stop-signal trial and participants successfully inhibited the action of the stimulus,the reaction time(RT)for the repeated stimuli in the current trial was significantly longer than that of the switched stimuli,reflecting the cost of deinhibition.The ERP results indicated that the process of deinhibition was manifested by larger P1 and smaller N1 amplitudes at the posterior electrodes,reflecting the role of the attention-gating mechanism in the early stage of deinhibition,which supports inhibition theory.Moreover,the process of deinhibition was also reflected by smaller N2/P3 amplitudes and longer P3/R-cluster latencies,suggesting top-down cognitive control processing and motor-response control processes,which supports memory retrieval theory. This study identified the following neural mechanisms underlying the explicit deinhibition process:early attention processing,top-down cognitive control,and response control.These findings provide new evidence that the deinhibition process not only supports inhibition theory but also memory retrieval theory.关键词
去抑制/去抑制代价/认知控制/抑制解除/ERPKey words
deinhibition/deinhibition cost/cognitive control/overcoming inhibition/ERP分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
陈霁雯,买晓琴,李富洪..去抑制的认知神经机制:一项事件相关电位研究[J].心理学报,2025,57(5):762-774,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32360201)资助. （32360201）
