中国康复2025，Vol.40Issue(4)：229-234,6.DOI:10.3870/zgkf.2025.04.007
衰弱前期老年人常速行走的步态特征分析
Analysis on the gait characteristics of pre-frailt elderly individuals during normal speed walking
摘要
Abstract
Objective:This study employed a three-dimensional gait analysis system to examine the lower extremity biomechanical characteristics associated with normal-speed walking in elderly individuals at the pre-frailty stage.Methods:This investigation was designed as a single-center,cross-sectional study involving 68 eligible participants(34 pre-frail elderly individuals and 34 matched non-frail counterparts)selected through propensity score matching.Comprehensive demographic data were collected from subjects,alongside assessments using the Fried frailty scale,mini-mental state examination(MMSE),Berg balance scale(BBS),and simple physical performance battery(SP-PB).Simultaneously,a three-dimensional gait analysis system was employed to capture dynamic images,enabling the quantification of overall gait and the extraction of corresponding lower limb kinematic parameters.A correlation analysis was subsequently performed to examine the relationship between these gait parameters and established measures such as the BBS,SPPB,and MMSE,thereby elucidating the abnormal gait characteristics observed in the elderly individuals during the pre-asthenic stage.Results:Compared to their non-frail counterparts,those in the pre-frailty group exhibited notable differences in gait parameters:(1)spatiotemporal metrics indicated reduced square step speed,shortened step length,and prolonged double support phase duration(P＜0.05);(2)gait variability score(GVS),pelvic tilt angle,hip adduction/abduction angles,hip flexion/extension angles,hip rotation angle in-creased while gait profile score(GPS)rose and gait deviation index(GDI)decreased(P＜0.05);(3)Kinematic ana-lyses revealed that during initial swing phase toe-off there was an increase in hip flexion/extension angle at terminal swing phase foot contact there was an increase in hip flexion/extension angle while knee flexion/extension angle decreased along with maximum knee flexion/ex-tension values.Additionally observed were decreases in maximum ankle dorsiflexion values coupled with increa-ses in minimum plantarflexion values leading to reduced range of motion(ROM),and the difference was statis-tically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion:This resear-ch suggests that the abnormal gait of pre-frail elderly people might be associated with body balance and the coordina-ted movements of joints such as the feet,ankles,knees,and hips,and presents compensatory phenomena in tempo-ral and spatial parameters and the kinematics of lower limb joints.Correlation analyses between identified gait pa-rameters and fall incidents indicate that changes characteristic of a pre-asthenic state can lead to observable impair-ments such as slower pace or diminished ankle mobility during ambulation or daily activities.Consequently,imple-menting gait analysis could serve as a valuable tool for clinical frailty screening.关键词
衰弱前期/步态/平衡/老年人Key words
pre-frailty/gait/balance/elderly individuals分类
临床医学引用本文复制引用
涂雪灵,姜财,刘小玲,徐盼,李雅萍,林忠华..衰弱前期老年人常速行走的步态特征分析[J].中国康复,2025,40(4):229-234,6.基金项目
福建省社会发展科技引导性项目(2023Y0052) （2023Y0052）
中央引导地方科技发展专项(2023L0318) （2023L0318）
