中国康复理论与实践2025，Vol.31Issue(4)：373-381,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2025.04.001
主要残疾类别的定义、分类、分级以及评估研究:基于ICF和ICD-11的方法
Disability definition,classification,grading and assessment in disability eligibility:an ICF and ICD-11 frame-work perspective
摘要
Abstract
Objective Utilizing the International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF)framework and Interna-tional Classification of Diseases,the 11th Revision(ICD-11)system,alongside evidence from World Health Or-ganization(WHO)global reports and technical reports from relevant countries,this study systematically exam-ines the definitions,classifications,grading,and assessment methods for visual,hearing,speech,physical,intel-lectual,and mental(psychiatric)disabilities. Methods Employing the ICF's biopsychosocial model,classification,and coding system and ICD-11,and referencing WHO global reports and national technical reports,this study systematically investigated the definitions,classifi-cations,grading and assessment approaches for six prevalent disabilities:visual,hearing,speech,physical,intel-lectual and mental. Results The ICF and ICD-11model and classification system offered a robust framework for defining,classifying,grad-ing and assessing disabilities.Disability definitions should address body function impairments,activity limita-tions,participation restrictions and environmental factors.The definitions,classifications and grading of visual,hearing,speech,physical,intellectual and mental disabilities aligned with ICF categories for body functions and structures,activities and participation and categories of ICD-11.Standardized tools like the WHO Disability As-sessment Schedule(WHODAS 2.0)effectively measured overall activity and participation levels. Conclusion Anchored in the ICF and ICD-11 framework,disabilities are defined,classified,graded and assessed across body functions and structure,activities and participation,and environmental factors.WHODAS 2.0 serves as a universal tool for assessing activities and participation,enabling both comprehensive functional evaluations and the conversion of results from other assessment tools.By analyzing WHO global reports and technical documents in some countries within the ICF and ICD-11 classifications framework,this study highlights global advance-ments in disability definitions,classifications,grading and assessments.Variations in disability statistics stem from differing definitions,diagnostic criteria and assessments.Disability service eligibility criteria should be tai-lored to the needs of recipients and the capacity of providers.关键词
国际功能、残疾和健康分类/国际疾病分类第十一次修订版/残疾/分级/评估Key words
International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health/International Classification of Diseases,the 11th Revision/disability/grading/assessment分类
临床医学引用本文复制引用
杨亚茹,邱卓英,陈迪,吕军,田益凡,张爱民..主要残疾类别的定义、分类、分级以及评估研究:基于ICF和ICD-11的方法[J].中国康复理论与实践,2025,31(4):373-381,9.基金项目
1.中国康复科学所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(No.2022CZ-1) （No.2022CZ-1）
2.国家社会科学基金重大项目(No.17ZDA078) （No.17ZDA078）
3.国家重点研发计划项目(No.2021YFC2701004) （No.2021YFC2701004）
4.国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.72274038) Supported by The Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Welfare Research Institutes,conducted by China Rehabilitation Science Institute(No.2022CZ-1),National Social Science Fund of China(Major)(No.17ZDA078),National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFC2701004),and National Natural Science Foundation of China(General)(No.72274038) （No.72274038）
