中国农业资源与区划2025，Vol.46Issue(2)：68-78,11.DOI:10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20250206
中国节水灌溉工程对经济和环境的影响
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION PROJECTS IN CHINA
摘要
Abstract
To mitigate the negative impact of water scarcity on the economy,it is necessary to increase the efficiency of water resource utilization.China has formulated the"14th Five-Year Plan"for the construction of a water-saving society,and plans to add 4 million hm2 of high-efficiency water-saving irrigation projects from 2021 to 2025.It is necessary to analyze the economic and environmental benefits of water-saving irrigation project investment,to support more effective investment decision-making.Based on the cost-benefit data of water-saving irrigation projects,this paper evaluates the economic benefits of pipe irrigation,sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation for grain and vegetables.Considering the externalities of these investments,the study further employs the China Dynamic CGE model to assess the comprehensive impact of investments on agricultural water consumption and GDP.This model can comprehensively evaluate the impact of policies on economy and environment,and can quantify the comprehensive benefit of investment.The results show that the direct benefit of water-saving irrigation project is low or even loss,but through the correlation of industrial chain,the indirect economic benefit of investment is higher than the direct benefits.Simultaneously,investment in water-saving irrigation projects can produce significant water-saving benefits.For each yuan invested,the water saving amount is 0.14m3～0.37m3,the environmental benefit of water saving is 0.86 yuan～1.26 yuan,and the return on investment(ROI)after adding economic and environmental benefits is 0.60 yuan～5.55 yuan.The ROI of different crops is different.with water-saving irrigation projects for vegetables showing significantly higher returns compared to water-saving irrigation projects for grain.The ROI of different facilities is also different.For grain,the comprehensive ROI of sprinkler irrigation is the highest.In conclusion,the comprehensive economic and environmental benefits of water-saving irrigation projects investment are huge,and there are differences between different crops and different facilities,so the investment structure of water-saving irrigation projects should be optimized,and investment focusing on grain sprinkler irrigation projects and vegetable micro-irrigation projects should be encouraged.关键词
节水灌溉/投资效果/成本收益分析/农业产业/CGE模型Key words
water-saving irrigation/effect of investment/cost-benefit analysis/agricultural industry/CGE model分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
兰向民,张玉梅..中国节水灌溉工程对经济和环境的影响[J].中国农业资源与区划,2025,46(2):68-78,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金委员会与国际农业研究磋商组织合作研究项目"全球背景下优化中国农业补贴促进农业食物系统转型"(72061147002) （72061147002）
