遵义医科大学学报2025，Vol.48Issue(4)：392-399,8.
中山市3～6岁儿童营养不良患病率及影响因素分析
Analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of malnutrition among chil-dren aged 3-6 years old in Zhongshan City
摘要
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutritional status of children aged 3-6 years old in schools in Zhongshan City,and to analyse and count the prevalence of malnutrition and its related influencing factors.Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select children aged 3-6 years old from kindergartens in Zhongshan City from January to May 2023.A questionnaire survey was carried out to investigate their nutritional status,the occurrence of allergic diseases,and their feeding status.The children were divided into malnutrition group and normal nutrition group according to WHO standards.The factors affecting the nutritional status of the children included in the study were analysed by univariate and multi-variate Logistic regression.Results The prevalence of malnutrition among children aged 3-6 years in Zhongshan City was 15.97%(999/6 255).Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of food allergy(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.15-1.66),low birth weight children(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.44-2.68),rural residence(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.12-1.64),having an immediate family member who is malnourished(OR=2.74,95%CI:1.82-4.14),artificially fed within 6 months of age(OR=1.23,95%CI:1.02-1.48),predominantly milk-fed between the ages of 2 and 3 years(OR=1.40,95%CI:1.11-1.77),and having poor dietary habits(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.07-1.48)were positively associated with the risk of malnutrition among children aged 3-6 years in Zhongshan City.In contrast,only child(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.53-0.74),obese immediate family members(OR=0.63,95%CI:0.48-0.82),duration of vitamin D intake＞2 years(OR=0.72,95%CI:0.61-0.85),and intake of 201-300 ml of dairy products per day(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.64-0.96)were negatively associated with the risk of malnutrition in children aged 3-6 years in Zhongshan City.Conclusion Children aged 3-6 years in Zhongshan City have a high risk of malnutrition.Parents should focus on children with food allergies,low birth weight babies,children living in rural areas,those with immediate fam-ily members who are malnourished,artificially fed children within 6 months,milk-feeding oriented children with-in 2-3 years of age,and children with poor dietary habits,and should strengthen the management of feeding and guidance for children with high-risk factors,so as to formulate an effective programme of prevention and treatment and to reduce the incidence of child malnutrition.关键词
营养不良/影响因素/学龄前儿童/患病率/中山市Key words
malnutrition/influencing factors/preschool children/prevalence/Zhongshan City分类
临床医学引用本文复制引用
吴晨,付四毛,杨祝玲,肖羽,陈佳奇,潘聪,蔡仕俊,郭小玲..中山市3～6岁儿童营养不良患病率及影响因素分析[J].遵义医科大学学报,2025,48(4):392-399,8.基金项目
中山市社会公益科技研究项目(NO:220411134378383). （NO:220411134378383）
