北京中医药大学学报2025，Vol.48Issue(4)：471-482,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2157.2025.04.004
基于能量代谢与胃肠功能研究香荆芥酚对胃热、胃寒大鼠的影响及其性凉的中药作用机制
Study on the effects of carvacrol on stomach-heat and stomach-cold rats and its mechanism of cooling and clearing based on energy metabolism and gastrointestinal function
摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the biological effects of carvacrol on rats with stomach-heat and stomach-cold and its regulation on transient receptor potential(TRP)channels in rats with stomach-heat,and to study the cold and heat properties of carvacrol and its possible mechanism.Methods According to the random number method,100 SD rats were divided into stomach-heat blank group,stomach-heat model group,Coptidis Rhizoma group,stomach-heat low-dose and high-dose carvacrol group,stomach-cold blank group,stomach-cold model group,Baked ginger group,stomach-cold low-dose group and high-dose carvacrol group,10 rats in each group.The rat model of stomach-heat was established by intra-gastric administration of pepper aqueous solution(0.80 g/kg)and anhydrous ethanol,and the rat model of stomach-cold was established by intragastric administration of water extract of Anemarrhena asphodeloides and sodium hydroxide(10.40 g/kg).On the day of modeling,the rats in the Baked ginger group were given Baked ginger decoction(0.78 g/kg),and the rats in the Coptidis Rhizoma group were given Coptidis Rhizoma decoction(0.43 g/kg).The stomach-cold and stomach-heat low-dose group of carvacrol was given carvacrol emulsion(40 mg/kg),high-dose group was given carvacrol emulsion(80 mg/kg).All rats of the blank and model groups were given the equal volume of emulsion prepared by 5%dimethyl sulfoxide,1%Tween 80,1%polyethylene glycol 400,and 93%normal saline,once a day,for 7 days.The general condition of rats was observed and the body mass was recorded.The pathological morphology of gastric tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The changes of material and energy metabo-lism,cyclic nucleotide(cAMP),thyroid hormone and gastrointestinal hormone in each group were deter-mined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The expression levels of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1(TRPV1),transient receptor potential channel M8(TRPM8)and uncoupling protein-1(UCP1)in rats with gastric fever were detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with the stomach-heat blank group,the body mass of rats in the stomach-heat model group decreased at the fifth and seventh day(P<0.05).The contents(or ratio)of hepatic glycogen(HGlyc),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)were decreased(P<0.05),and Na+-K+-ATPase,Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase,cytochrome C oxidase(COX),NADH dehydrogenase(ND),cyclic adenosine phosphate(cAMP),cAMP/cyclic guanosine phosphate(cGMP),triiodothyronine(T3),thyroxine(T4),gastrin(GAS),motilin(MTL),and α-amylase(α-AMS)all increased(P<0.05).Compared with the stomach-heat model group,the body mass of rats in the Coptidis Rhizoma group decreased at the third,fifth,and seventh day,the contents(or ratio)of HGlyc,TC,TG,VIP and α-AMS were increased,and Na+-K+-ATPase,COX,ND,cAMP,cAMP/cGMP,T3,T4,and GAS all decreased(P<0.05).The body mass of rats in the stomach-heat low-dose carvacrol group decreased at the seventh day.The contents(or ratio)of HGlyc,TC,and VIP were increased,Na+-K+-ATPase,COX,ND,cAMP,cAMP/cGMP,T3,T4,and MTL all decreased,the expression of TRPV1 and UCP1 in gastric tissue decreased,while TRPM8 increased(P<0.05)in rats of the stomach-heat low-dose and high-dose carvacrol groups.Compared with the stomach-cold blank group,the body mass of rats in the stomach-cold model group decreased at the third,fifth,and seventh day,the contents(or ratio)of HGlyc,TC,TG,α-AMS,and VIP all increased,while Na+-K+-ATPase,Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase,COX,ND,cAMP,cAMP/cGMP,T3,T4,GAS,and MTL all decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the stomach-cold model group,the body mass of rats in the Baked ginger group was increased at the seventh day,and the contents(or ratio)of HGlyc,VIP,and α-AMS all decreased,while Na+-K+-ATPase,COX,ND,cAMP/cGMP,T3,T4,GAS,and MTL all increased(P<0.05).The contents of HGlyc,cAMP,α-AMS,and VIP of rats in the stomach-cold low and high-dose carvacrol group all decreased(P<0.05).TG in the stomach-cold low-dose carvacrol group was increased.TC,Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase,and cGMP all increased,while cAMP/cGMP decreased(P<0.05)in the high-dose carvacrol group.Conclusion In this study,the rat model of stomach-cold and stomach-heat were successfully established by using cold and heat factors.The result showed that carvacrol had a certain inhibitory effect on body mass,material energy metabolism,cyclic nucleotide level,thyroid hormone and gastrointestinal function in rats with stomach-heat,indicating that the drug was cold.Carvacrol's cold medicinal property could be biologically explained by TRPV1 activation,UCP1 induction,and TRPM8 suppression.关键词
香荆芥酚/胃寒模型/胃热模型/寒热药性/大鼠Key words
carvacrol/stomach-cold model/stomach-heat model/cold and heat medicinal properties/rat分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
张奇,邸松蕊,张建军,王淳,王林元,李毅,李红叶,张凤伟,蒋明慧,赵星宇,李林泽,伍小芳,赵尹铭..基于能量代谢与胃肠功能研究香荆芥酚对胃热、胃寒大鼠的影响及其性凉的中药作用机制[J].北京中医药大学学报,2025,48(4):471-482,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(No.82141217) National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82141217) （No.82141217）
