表面技术2025，Vol.54Issue(8)：51-63,13.DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.08.004
储氢合金表面修饰方法的研究进展
Research Advances of Surface Modification Methods for Hydrogen Storage Alloys
摘要
Abstract
Hydrogen energy is a kind of secondary energy which is abundant,green and low carbon and widely used.The key to application of hydrogen energy is hydrogen storage.Metal hydrogen storage alloys are by far the best hydrogen storage candidate materials with high hydrogen storage density,high safety and ease of use.In order to improve the activation properties,hydrogen absorption and release properties,corrosion resistance,oxidation resistance and anti-impurity gas toxicity properties of hydrogen storage alloys,researchers often modify the surface of hydrogen storage alloys.Surface modification refers to the method of changing the surface structural characteristics of an alloy by physical,chemical or composite methods in order to improve one or several properties of the alloy,such as removing the oxidized layer of the alloy,increasing the active sites,and coating the film layer.There are many kinds of surface modification methods for hydrogen storage alloys,and the improvement degree of properties is different.In this paper,the research results of surface modification of hydrogen storage alloys in recent decades are reviewed,analyzed,summarized and classified.The surface modification methods of hydrogen storage alloys can be roughly divided into two categories:physical surface modification and chemical surface modification.Among them,the physical surface modification methods include vapor deposition technology,laser treatment technology,mechanical alloying technology and severe plastic deformation technology.Chemical surface modification methods include electroless composite plating technology,electroplating technology,anodizing technology and other chemical modification methods(acid treatment,alkali treatment,salt treatment,fluoride treatment,etc.).These surface modification methods are reviewed in detail,and the future development of surface modification methods for hydrogen storage alloys is also prospected. The physical surface modification methods include vapor deposition technology,laser treatment technology,mechanical alloying technology and severe plastic deformation technology.Vapor deposition technology is to melt or sputter the coating material into a vapor phase,so that it can quickly condense on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy.However,some coating materials are brittle,likely to crack or even spalling under complex stress,and have strict technical requirements.Laser treatment technology is the use of laser scanning on the alloy surface to make it remelt,promote the appearance,microstructure and other changes of the alloy,so as to improve the performance of the alloy.However,laser treatment technology is easily limited by equipment or materials.Mechanical alloying method is to make the alloy produce plastic deformation by high-energy ball milling to provide more active sites and improve the hydrogen absorption and discharge rate of the alloy.However,the treatment time of the mechanical alloying method is long,which is likely to introduce impurities to oxidize the alloy.Severe plastic deformation technology is to apply extreme pressure to the alloy,so that the alloy material grain refinement,grain boundary increase,thereby enhancing the hydrogen storage capacity of the material,but the technology has more stringent requirements for the preparation process,and is not conducive to the long-term stability of the material. Chemical surface modification methods include electroless composite plating technology,electroplating technology,anodizing technology and other chemical modification methods(acid treatment,alkali treatment,salt treatment,fluorination treatment,etc.).Electroless composite plating uses the redox reaction of plated elements to form a film on the alloy surface,while electroplating with the alloy material to be plated as the cathode and the plating element as the anode,and deposits it on the surface of the alloy by setting an appropriate current density.Electroplating can correct the defects of poor uniformity and insufficient adhesion of chemical coating.However,the waste liquid produced by the plating process may contain harmful substances,which should be handled safely during the application process.Anodizing is suitable for light metals,also known as the micro-arc oxidation process,but essentially is an oxidation reaction between the metal substrate and the electrolyte of the plating solution,the oxidation film formed by the method is thick and uniform,but its scope of application is small.Acid,alkali and fluoride treatment is more common,generally the alloy is directly soaked in the method,the operation is relatively simple.However,the pH value of the solution is more strictly controlled during the operation,which will cause a certain degree of corrosion on the surface of the alloy.关键词
储氢合金/表面修饰/储氢性能/微观结构/电化学性能Key words
hydrogen storage alloys/surface modification/hydrogen storage properties/microstructure/electrochemical performance引用本文复制引用
高媛媛,田晓,张颖,张晓杰,韩家乐,李卫..储氢合金表面修饰方法的研究进展[J].表面技术,2025,54(8):51-63,13.基金项目
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2024MS05017) （2024MS05017）
内蒙古自治区高等学校碳达峰碳中和研究专项(STZX202207) （STZX202207）
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2023YFHH0059,2020GG0166) （2023YFHH0059,2020GG0166）
支持地方高校改革发展资金(物理学一流学科培育)Natural Science Foundation Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2024MS05017) （物理学一流学科培育）
Carbon Peak Carbon Neutrality Research Project of Higher Education Institutions of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(STZX202207) （STZX202207）
Science and Technology Plan Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2023YFHH0059,2020GG0166) （2023YFHH0059,2020GG0166）
Funds for Reform and Development of Local Universities Supported by The Central Government(Cultivation of First-Class Disciplines in Physics) （Cultivation of First-Class Disciplines in Physics）
