核安全2025，Vol.24Issue(2)：14-22,9.
聚变装置放射性废物产生情况和管理策略初探
A Preliminary Exploration on Radioactive Waste Generation and Management Strategies in Fusion Devices
蒋婧 1徐春艳 1张庆召 1赵凯 2车睿 3祝兆文1
作者信息
- 1. 生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京 100082
- 2. 中核核电运行管理有限公司,嘉兴 314303
- 3. 中核四0四有限公司,兰州 732850
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
This article analyzes the radioactive waste generated during the operation and decommissioning of fusion devices such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER),Joint European Torus(JET),and China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor(CFETR),as well as their treatment methods.Fusion reactions utilize isotopes of hydrogen(deuterium and tritium)to fuse into helium nuclei under high temperature and pressure conditions,releasing enormous energy and possessing cleanliness and sustainability.The internal materials of fusion devices generate radioactive waste due to neutron activation and tritium permeation.This article selects three typical tokamak devices,ITER,JET,and CFETR,to investigate the situation of radioactive waste they have generated or are expected to generate,and analyzes the classification and treatment methods of radioactive waste in various countries.The research results indicate that the radioactive waste generated by fusion devices has the characteristics of a large quantity,high tritium content,and no transuranic nuclides.Special treatment and disposal strategies must be developed based on the radioactivity level and waste characteristics.This article also proposes suggestions,including source reduction of waste generation,development of waste management routes,and enhanced treatment of tritium-containing waste,providing a reference for the treatment and disposal of radioactive waste in fusion devices in China.关键词
聚变装置/放射性废物/含氚废物/废物处理/托卡马克Key words
fusion device/radioactive waste/tritium-containing waste/waste disposal/Tokamak分类
环境科学引用本文复制引用
蒋婧,徐春艳,张庆召,赵凯,车睿,祝兆文..聚变装置放射性废物产生情况和管理策略初探[J].核安全,2025,24(2):14-22,9.
