环境保护科学2025，Vol.51Issue(2)：58-66,9.DOI:10.16803/j.cnki.issn.1004-6216.202402013
水系重金属在水—泥两相间迁移规律及污染控制技术探讨
Discussion on the migration and transformation law of heavy metal pollution between water and sediment phases in river system and its control technology
摘要
Abstract
Clarifying the migration and transformation mechanism of pollutants in the river system is an important prerequisite for the comprehensive prevention and control of river pollution.The typical heavy metal pollutant Cu(Ⅱ)was taken as the research object.Considering the influence of hydraulic conditions and pollution levels,the interfacial concentration distribution and occurrence characteristics of pollutants between the water and sediment phases were monitored,the migration-release laws were identified,and control technologies were explored.It was found that heavy metal pollutants in the water phase had extremely strong mobility and were mainly enriched in the shallow layer of sediment(longitudinally)and silt-deposition areas(laterally)in the forms of"decreasing in water and increasing in sediment"and mainly in available states.After 48 hours,the concentration of Cu(Ⅱ)in the water phase was close to the unpolluted state.In the sediment,heavy metal pollutants had weak binding forces and were mainly in the form of acid-volatile sulfides(AVS).Under aerobic conditions,they were easily converted into free states and diffused into the water phase along the concentration gradient.In only 7 hours,the average concentration of Cu(Ⅱ)released into the water phase far exceeded the standard limit,indicating a severe risk of endogenous pollution.The release rate and amount of internal-source pollution were strongly correlated with pollution concentration,hydrodynamic conditions,and the effective hydrated ionic radius of heavy metals.Dynamic water conditions promoted the resuspension of sediment particles,triggered antagonistic effects,accelerated the degradation of AVS,and both the migration and release processes were faster than those under static water conditions.In-situ covering and blocking could give full play to the self-purification ability of the water body.Reasonable regulation of the release rate and amount was conducive to promoting the ecological and low-carbon treatment of endogenous pollution in the river system.关键词
水系防治/内源污染/重金属污染物/迁移性/释放性Key words
control of river pollution/endogenous pollution/heavy metal pollutants/migration/releasability分类
环境科学引用本文复制引用
李敏,吴海铭,于禾苗,张学超,路通,赵末炎..水系重金属在水—泥两相间迁移规律及污染控制技术探讨[J].环境保护科学,2025,51(2):58-66,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52278341 （）
51978235) （）
河北省自然科学基金项目(2023202087 （）
E2018202274) （）
