农业工程学报2025，Vol.41Issue(7)：13-21,9.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202410218
基于变径槽轮的无人机条施装置设计与试验
Strip fertilization device of unmanned aerial vehicle using a variable-diameter grooved wheel
摘要
Abstract
UAV spreading has been widely used in modern agriculture in recent years.However,the scattering behavior of granular materials can often be produced during spreading.At the same time,the material residue in the trough cannot be fully cleaned up,when the grooved wheel is used to discharge materials.In this study,a strip seeding device of the unmanned aerial vehicle was proposed for the granular fertilizer application.Firstly,a variable-diameter grooved wheel was designed,according to the principle of cam motion.The traditional grooved wheel was split into several parts,such as the groove and the central shaft.The central shaft was replaced with a camshaft as a fixed part.The rotation of the camshaft was used to realize the discharging fertilizers for the cyclic changes.The discharge volume rose in steps with the increase in rotational speed.Finally,the gap then decreased to stabilize and slightly decline in the trend of change.A deflector device was also designed with adjustable work spacing.A layered pattern was used to centralize the overall device.The spacing between rows was adjusted via the outlet direction of the guide tube and the angle between adjacent tubes.The row alignment was realized to avoid the redundant structure in the actual operation.The whole device was driven by electric power.According to man-machine communication,the microprocessor was used to realize the regulation on the rotational speed of the grooved wheel,the size of the wind power of the culvert system,and the working distance of the rows.The simulation model was also established for the fertilizer discharging of the strip applicator.A bench test was adopted to verify the simulation using the discrete element software(EDEM).A systematic investigation was then implemented to explore the effects of the structural parameters of the variable-diameter grooved wheel and the rotational speed on the movement of the fertilizer particles during operation.The optimal structural parameters of the fertilizer discharger were obtained after optimization.A comparative test was carried out to verify the variable diameter grooved wheel.The bench results show that the better uniform discharge was achieved among different pipes of the device,with the highest coefficient of variation of 1.30％,and the highest discharge of 453 g/s at 120 r/min;The better performance of the grooved wheel was achieved at the same rotational speed,compared with the ordinary ones.The simulation results show that the variable-diameter chute wheel was better and faster at discharging the material in the trough.A comparison was also made on the amount of fertilizer particles backfilled under the same rotational speed of the two types of tank wheels.The reducer tank wheel significantly improved the issue of material residue.The field test showed that the angle of the guide tube also dominated the row spacing and striping index.The better striping was achieved in the minimum striping index of 29.1％,indicating the rationality and feasibility of this device.The finding can also provide a strong reference to design the striping device in unmanned aircraft.关键词
农用无人机/条施装置/变径槽轮/EDEMKey words
agricultural UAV/strip fertilization device/variable-diameter grooved wheel/EDEM分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
王国宾,张同升,兰玉彬,薛新宇,丁素明,明锐,孔令标,宋灿灿..基于变径槽轮的无人机条施装置设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2025,41(7):13-21,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32301716,32201679,32201679) （32301716,32201679,32201679）
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2023QC047) （ZR2023QC047）
国家重点研发计划大载荷植保智能无人机创制与应用项目(2023YFD2000200) （2023YFD2000200）
